The kinetic resolution of racemic material is a well-established approach used to prepare a wide range of enantiomerically enriched compounds.[1] However, the overall efficiency of a standard kinetic resolution is limited to a maximum theoretical yield of 50 % of the enriched chiron, with the balance of undesired material being discarded in most applications.[2] As a result of this inherent overall efficiency, [3] kinetic resolution is often deemed unacceptable on a preparative scale except for the most simple and inexpensive of substrates. Consequently, kinetic resolution methods, especially in the context of complex molecule synthesis, have largely been relegated to the preparation of small chiral building blocks at an early stage of the synthesis.Having recently developed a vanadium-catalyzed asymmetric aerobic oxidation of a hydroxycarbonyl compounds, [4] we became interested in exploring the potential of this kinetic resolution methodology, to move beyond the preparation of simple building blocks toward a more meaningful, strategic synthetic function. The observation that asymmetric oxidation of substrates bearing multiple stereocenters by catalytic amounts of [VO(OiPr) 3 ] and (S)-2-(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylideneamino)-tert-butyl-1-ethanol (1) resulted in the isolation of both enantioenriched alcohol and ketone products motivated us to consider a synthetic strategy (Figure 1) wherein both components of the resolution might be leveraged toward a single synthetic target. By doing so, the kinetic resolution serves as the key structural and stereochemical branching point in the synthetic sequence and the overall efficiency of the resolution is improved beyond 50 %. Herein, we report the successful implementation of this type of resolution/ recombination synthetic strategy [5] to the total synthesis of the bioactive marine metabolite octalactin A. [6] Octalactin A (2) belongs to a small class of medium-ring lactones isolated from marine microorganisms. In vitro bioassays have shown octalactin A to possess significant cytotoxicity toward B-16-F10 murine melanoma and HCT-116 human colon tumor cell lines. [6,7] As a result, numerous synthetic investigations, including several total syntheses, [8] have been directed towards its preparation.[9] Our approach to octalactin A begins in an antithetic sense with disconnection of the C10-C15 side chain and retrolactonization of the eight-membered core, thus leading to the simplified fragments 3 and 4 (Scheme 1). From here, the basis of our strategy stems from the identification of an element of pseudosymmetry in the seco-acid component 3. Specifically, we envisioned that the repeating anti-1,2-vic-hydroxymethyl stereodiad could be derived from the enantiomers of racemic anti-1,2-vic-hydroxymethyl stereoconstruct (AE )-5. As such, oxidative resolution of (AE )-5 and subsequent head-to-tail recombination of elaborated fragments would allow rapid access to 3. The C10-C15 side chain 4 could be obtained by asymmetric addition of an isopropyl group to a suitably functional...