p16INK4A Expression in Condyloma Acuminata Lesions Associated with High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to discover the possible correlation between p16INK4A expression and the LR/HR-HPV infection in condyloma acuminate (CA) lesions. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted during January-December 2017 on 33 CA patients. The expression of p16 INK4A was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. The positive interpretation was carried out by scoring which score 0 was negative, score 1 was sporadic, score 2 was focal, and score 3 was diffuses. The HPV genotypes were identified by reverse line blot, and 40 genotypes of HPV detected, including HR-HPV (HPVs 16, 18, 26, 31, 33,35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 67, 68a, 68b, 69, 73, and 82) and LR-HPV (HPVs 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 55, 61, 62, 64, 70, 71, 72, 81, 83, 84, 87, 89, and 90). Results: The expression of p16 INK4A was significantly correlated with HR-HPV infection. Patients infected with HR-HPV had 0.644 times higher possibility to express p16 INK4A gene compared to those infected with LR-HPV. LR-HPV genotypes detected in CA patients were HPVs 6, 11, 42, 61, 54, 81, 87, 89, and 90 and HR-HPV genotypes were HPVs 18, 26, 45, 51, 52, 67, 68B, 69, and 82. LR-HPV was found in 19/33 of patients and HR-HPV was in 14/33 of patients. The expression of p16 INK4A in CA lesions was diffuse in15.2% of patients, was focal in 24.2% of patients , was sporadic in 39.4% of patients were, and was negative in 21.2% of patients . In LR-HPV group, there was no diffuse expression, focal expression was observed in 15.8%, sporadic in 47.4%, and negative in 36.8%, while in HR-HPV group, p16 INK4A expression was detected in all lesions , in a way that its expression was diffuse in 35.7%, focal in 35.7%, and sporadic in 28.6%. Conclusion: IHC is a routine method in histopathological diagnosis, therefore the detection of p16 INK4A expression by IHC can be used as a biomarker for HR-HPV infection diagnosis.

Expression of MAGE A1 to MAGE A10 in the Forceps Biopsy and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Specimens from Patients with the Central Lung Tumor

“…There are 12 subtypes of MAGE A which share a conserved MAGE homology domain (MHD) [11]. The subtypes including MAGE A1, MAGE A2, MAGE A3, MAGE A4, MAGE A5, MAGE A6, MAGE A7 (pesudo gene), MAGE A8, MAGE A9, MAGE A10, MAGE A11, MAGE A12 [11,12]. Expression of these genes are usually restricted to germline cells such as the ovary, testis, placenta, and fetus that may relate to germ cell development [10,11,13].…”

“…Moreover, in FB samples that did not contain malignant cells showed that MAGE A5 was found positive in 6/18 (33.3 %) specimens, MAGE A9 was 4/18 (22.2 %) specimens, MAGE A1 was 3/18 (16.7 %) specimens, MAGE A3 and MAGE A8 were 2/18 (11.1 %) specimens incubation at 98 o C for 5 minutes. The resulting cDNA was stored at 40 o C or 20 o C [12,17]. To monitor the quality and integrity of the cDNA, RT PCR was conducted to detect the housekeeping gene, i.e., the glyceraldehyde-3phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH).…”

“…Expression of MAGE A genes were detected by conducting nested PCR. The primers of the single gene of MAGE A, the group of MAGE A1 to MAGE A10, the group of MAGE A1 to MAGE A6, and GAPDH were performed as in the previous studies [12,17]. The PCR was performed using the PCR Master Mix from Promega (Madison, USA).…”

Histopathological characteristics and HPV status in cervical biopsy specimens diagnosed as flat condyloma

“…The main histopathological characteristics of condyloma include acanthosis, papillomatosis, hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis and koilocytosis and mononuclear inflammatory infiltration in microscopic examination ( 20 – 24 ). Koilocytotic atypia considered as pathognomonic criteria for productive HPV infected squamous epithelium with perinuclear cytoplasmic clear zone and condensed nuclei ( 25 , 26 ). Cytoplasmic vacuoles and relatively enlarged nucleus is the predominant morphological feature ( 27 ).…”

Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Cervix in a 48-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report

“…Adenosquamous carcinoma is defined as a tumor having both glandular and squamous cell differentiation, with each component visible on hematoxylin-eosin without special histochemical stains (1-4) Adenosquamous carcinoma of the cervix accounts for approximately 4 % of all cervical cancer. Like both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, the mean age when the tumor develops is 57 years, although in individual cases it may occur in young women (2,(5)(6)(7).…”