“…The reference standards of gallic acid, 5‐HMF, oxypaeoniflora, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, methyl paraben, quercetin and 3‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxyacetophenone (internal standard, IS) were all purchased from Chroma Biotechnology Co. Ltd (purity ≥98%; Chengdu, China). The reference standards of 3,8‐dihydroxy‐2‐methylchromone and paeonol were isolated and purified by our laboratory (purity ≥98%), and their structures were elucidated by comparing their spectroscopic data (ESI‐MS, 1 H‐NMR and 13 C‐NMR, HMBC, HMQC and H–H COSY) in the literature (Li, Yang, Qiu, Lin, & Dong, 2015; Popoff & Theander, 1977; Wang et al, 2011). All of the structures of the standards are listed in Figure 1.…”