“Pantothenic Acid,” A Growth Determinant of Universal Biological Occurrence

Williams, Roger J.; Lyman, Carl M.; Goodyear, George H.; Truesdail, John H.; Holaday, Duncan A.

doi:10.1021/ja01334a049

Cited by 146 publications

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“…Each had a stimulative effect. This crude lactoflavin, however, also contains a nutrilite which has a very pronounced effect upon certain other pathogenic fungi (4). Table III shows the comparative growths of this mold in the presence of all possible combinations of the four growth stimulants (nutrilites) taken one, two, three, and four at a time.…”

Section: Effect Of Nutrilitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two exceptions to this were the use of pantothenic acid (6) and crude lactoflavin (4). Of these the former was highly concentrated and probably biologically pure; the latter was also highly concentrated so that in order to be effective less than 1 y (0.000001 gnm.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trichophyton interdigitale can utilize all of the more common sugars tested except lactose, but mannose gives the best growth. 4. Given an adequate assortment of amino acids, mineral salts, and a suitable carbohydrate the mold studied will not grow unless it is supplied with at least one of the following growth promoting substances: pantothenic acid, inositol, crystalline vitamin B1, or a lactoflavin preparation.…”

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NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE PATHOGENIC MOLD TRICHOPHYTON INTERDIGITALE

et al. 1936

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Section: Effect Of Nutrilitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE PATHOGENIC MOLD TRICHOPHYTON INTERDIGITALE

et al. 1936

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“…Radioactively labeled coenzyme A may be prepared easily by growing yeast, which is heterotrophic for vitamins like pantothenic acid [6,7], in a medium containing 14C-labeled pantothenate [S]. According t o the basic investigations of Lipmann [9] pantothenic acid is a characteristic structural component of coenzyme A (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fatty Acyl Transferase

Schweizer

Lerch

Kroeplin-Rueff

et al. 1970

European Journal of Biochemistry

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A method is described for the isolation of radioactively labeled coenzymeA from yeast which was grown on [l-14C]pantothenic acid. From about 800 g of wet cells 38 pmoles of chromatographically pure S-ben~oyl-[~~C]coenzyme A were obtained.It was shown that purified yeast fatty acid synthetase catalyzes a fatty acyl transfer reaction between labeled and unlabeled coenzyme A. All saturated fatty acids with chain lengths between 6 and 18 C-atoms were transferred a t about equal rates. Malonate was transferred about three times faster, acetate, propionate and butyrate about ten times slower than palmitate. Almost no transfer of crotonate and 8-hydroxybutyrate was observed. The transferase was resistant to N-ethylmaleimide and iodoacetamide inhibition. It is suggested that the binding sites involved in the acyl transfer reactions are the non-thiol substrate binding sites of the fatty acid synthetase complex, and not the "central" or "peripheral" SH-groups.Both transferase and total fatty acid synthetase are inhibited by long chain fatty scyl &A compounds. This inhibition increases with concentration and chain length of the acyl CoA derivative. It is assumed that there is a barrier for the transfer of fatty acids other than acetate from the outer transferase binding site to the active center of the fatty acid synthetase complex, and vice versa. By a local conformational change induced by the end products palmitate and stearate, bound to the "central" SH-group, this block is released to allow the acids to be transferred from the enzyme to external coenzyme A. Simultaneously, this conformational change is assumed to block further chain elongation.During the process of fatty acid biosynthesis substrates as well as end products have to be transfered between the fatty acid synthetase complex and coenzyme A. Previous investigations in this laboratory with the highly purified multienzyme complex from yeast had shown that the substrates acetate and malonate as well as all intermediates were covalently bound to the enzyme protein during the reaction process [l, 21. No intermediates are released until the end products palmitate and stearate are formed. Therefore, at least three different transfer reactions are involved in the over-all process of fatty acid synthesis. (2)

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“…Pantothenic acid is known to be present in a wide variety of tissues (1,2). Its ubiquity suggests that it is a factor essential to cell physiology rather than a compound with a more localized function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Pantothenic Acid on Respiratory Activity

Pratt

Williams

1939

Journal of General Physiology

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Experiments using the Warburg-Barcroft apparatus led to the following results and conclusions: (1) Two yeasts in three different media were strikingly stimulated in their respiration by minute amounts of pantothenic acid. (2) Nine other compounds (vitamins and other biologically important substances) were tested and found in all cases to have on the deficient G.M. yeast, lesser and in some cases no appreciable stimulative effect. Thiamin was the most effective of these compounds. Its action was shown to be different and in some ways antagonistic to that of pantothenic acid. (3) Liver extract (Lilly's Number 343) contains substances capable of speeding up respiration (and growth) to a much higher level than seems possible with known compounds. (4) Pantothenic acid was found to have a definite stimulative effect on fermentation by dialyzed maceration juice from yeast. (5) It likewise stimulated respiration of apple and potato tissue and indications of a similar effect on certain animal tissues were obtained.

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“Pantothenic Acid,” A Growth Determinant of Universal Biological Occurrence

Cited by 146 publications

References 0 publications

NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE PATHOGENIC MOLD TRICHOPHYTON INTERDIGITALE

NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE PATHOGENIC MOLD TRICHOPHYTON INTERDIGITALE

Fatty Acyl Transferase

The Effects of Pantothenic Acid on Respiratory Activity

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