Parallel-cascaded semiconductor microring resonators for high-order and wide-FSR filters

Grover, R.; Van, Vien; Ibrahim, T.A.; Absil, P.; Calhoun, L.C.; Johnson, F.G.; Hryniewicz, J.V.; Ho, P.‐T.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2002.1007947

Cited by 141 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Further reduction in the ring laser's dimensions have, however, been hampered by processing difficulties such as sidewall-roughnessinduced scattering loss in the ridge ring waveguide, which restricts the bending radius. The circulating optical path can be used as either laterally-or vertically coupled high order filters [11]- [14], or WDM channel add-drop filters [15]- [18] with microrings cascaded in series or parallel. Both dielectric and semiconductor rings filters have been realized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both dielectric and semiconductor rings filters have been realized. In contrast to weakly-guided laterally coupled rings where a typical radius ranges from 300-700 µm [11], [16], vertically coupled architectures are capable of realizing smaller ring radii at the range of 10-20 µm due to the better optical confinement achievable, thus benefiting from a wider free spectral range for minimal signal crosstalk [12]- [14], [18]. Active switching of the optical signals with applied bias has also been achieved using laterally- [19] or vertically coupled [20] structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication-tolerant active-passive integration scheme for vertically coupled microring resonator

Tee

Williams

Penty

et al. 2006

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-The large-scale photonic integration of microring resonators in three dimensions made possible by recent developments in vertical coupling and wafer bonding technology is shown to be sensitive to lateral mask misalignment for the ring and bus waveguides introduced during the fabrication process. For a typical 20-µm radius, vertically coupled microring calculations reveal a linear relationship between deviation in the coupling coefficient and lateral misalignment. A coupling coefficient reduction of 50% is predicted for a lateral misalignment of 0.3 µm, which is typical for an alignment accuracy limited by the current state-of-theart mask alignment process. The use of a wide multimode bus waveguide is proposed to ameliorate this alignment sensitivity. The mode-expanded bus waveguide, together with its physically wider structure, reduces the dependence of modal overlap and coupling length on precise alignment, resulting in significantly relaxed fabrication tolerance. Deviation of coupling coefficient decreases by an order of magnitude for the new ring coupler geometry, where a sole reduction of 5% is obtained for the same amount of misalignment. The implications of the proposed structure are subsequently investigated for microring laser performance. The differential slope efficiency is shown to be at least five times less sensitive to lateral misalignment for the proposed structure within a small misalignment regime. This readily adaptable coupler geometry based on existing vertical coupling architectures is transferable to any fabrication scheme with multiple waveguide layers coupled vertically, and is of particular importance to microring resonators with small radii.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication-tolerant active-passive integration scheme for vertically coupled microring resonator

Tee

Williams

Penty

et al. 2006

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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“…For closely spaced channels, however, a Lorentzian response may not provide adequate roll-off to minimize cross-talk between different channels. To overcome this limitation, higher-order filters formed by cascading multiple resonators have been introduced (Little, 1997;Grover, 2002;Savchenkov, 2003Savchenkov, , 2005. Such filters have flat responses around resonances, much faster roll-off, and larger out-of-band signal rejection.…”

Section: Wavelength-selective Components For Wdm Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Optical Resonators for Microlasers and Integrated Optoelectronics

Benson

Boriskina

Sewell

et al.

Frontiers in Planar Lightwave Circuit Technology

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Abstract:Optical microcavities trap light in compact volumes by the mechanisms of almost total internal reflection or distributed Bragg reflection, enable light amplification, and select out specific (resonant) frequencies of light that can be emitted or coupled into optical guides, and lower the thresholds of lasing. Such resonators have radii from 1 to 100 µm and can be fabricated in a wide range of materials. Devices based on optical resonators are essential for cavityquantum-electro-dynamic experiments, frequency stabilization, optical filtering and switching, light generation, biosensing, and nonlinear optics.

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“…Figure 8.18 shows two different setups, normally designated as serial cascade [9,[56][57][58][59][60] and parallel cascade [52, [61][62][63][64][65][66] in the literature. In both cases, the additional feedback paths result in an improved filter response, i. e. a more flat-top response in the pass-band and a steeper roll-off at the pass-band edges.…”

Section: Higher Order Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples are considering the cascade as a generalized DFB grating [63,66], describing the filter in terms of a prototype filter as known in the microwave domain [61] or using the scattering matrix description [64,65]. Recently, the z-transform description of these filters has also been applied [67].…”

Section: Higher Order Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ring-Resonator-Based Wavelength Filters

Geuzebroek

Driessen

Springer Series in Optical Sciences

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Parallel-cascaded semiconductor microring resonators for high-order and wide-FSR filters

Cited by 141 publications

References 10 publications

Fabrication-tolerant active-passive integration scheme for vertically coupled microring resonator

Fabrication-tolerant active-passive integration scheme for vertically coupled microring resonator

Micro-Optical Resonators for Microlasers and Integrated Optoelectronics

Ring-Resonator-Based Wavelength Filters

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