Parameters of the innate and adaptive immunity in cosmonauts after long-term space flight on board the international space station

Моруков, Б. В.; Рыкова, М. П.; Антропова, Е. Н.; Berendeeva, T. A.; Ponomaryov, S.; Larina, I. M.

doi:10.1134/s0362119710030035

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Among the first cells to secrete cytokines in response to pathogenic or harmful signals are immune cells 24 . Similar to the data of the previous long-term spaceflight observations 25 , 26 , despite the significant increase in the most of leukocyte subsets, the ability of immune cells to produce cytokines on the 1st day after landing was impaired.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Endothelial dysfunction markers and immune response indices in cosmonauts’ blood after long-duration space flights

et al. 2022

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Space flight factors are known to cause a malfunction in the human immune system and lead to damage to blood vessels. The hemostatic function of endothelium during space missions and its interaction with human immunity has not been determined so far. In this work, we investigated the markers of endothelial activation and damage (plasma concentrations of soluble thrombomodulin fraction (sTM), von Willebrand factor (vWF), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)), as well as the level of D-dimer and compared them to the immunological parameters characterizing the state of human humoral and cellular immunity. The immune status of long-duration ISS crewmembers was assessed by whole-blood testing, and comprehensive postflight immune assessment included the analysis of leukocyte distribution. Flow cytometry was applied to determine the absolute counts and the percentage of lymphocyte subsets: B cells (CD19+), T cells (CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+), NK cells (CD3−CD16+CD56+, CD11b+CD56+), and activated subsets (CD3+CD25+ and CD3+HLA-DR+). The in vitro basal cytokine production was investigated in whole blood cell culture. The cytokines IFN-gamma, IL-1-beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, and TNF-alpha were measured in plasma and the 24-h supernatants by a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A significant increase in the plasma levels of vWF and hs-CRP and a decrease in the concentration of sTM after spaceflights were detected. Divergent changes in the parameters characterizing the state of the immune system were observed. We propose that the changes revealed may lead to an increase in the procoagulant activity of blood plasma, suppression of protein C activation and thrombin inhibition, as well as to an increase in the adhesive-aggregate potential of platelets, especially in case of changes in the rheological characteristics of blood flow during re-adaptation to ground conditions. We also speculate that the immune system might play an important role in vessel damage during long-duration missions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Endothelial dysfunction markers and immune response indices in cosmonauts’ blood after long-duration space flights

et al. 2022

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“…We believe that the metabolic shifts recorded after extended space missions are caused by a broad range of biochemical processes. The most pronounced of these are the decrease in intensity of biological oxidation 46 , 47 ; inhibition of the rate of protein synthesis and heat generation 48 ; activation of gluconeogenesis 43 , 44 ; oxidative stress 38 , 48 ; reduction of the iron store capacity in organism 49 ; lipolysis activation 43 , 44 ; hypohydration of organism 5 ; and inhibition of natural and adaptive immunity 25 , 50 , 51 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein expression changes caused by spaceflight as measured for 18 Russian cosmonauts

Ларина

Percy

Yang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The effects of spaceflight on human physiology is an increasingly studied field, yet the molecular mechanisms driving physiological changes remain unknown. With that in mind, this study was performed to obtain a deeper understanding of changes to the human proteome during space travel, by quantitating a panel of 125 proteins in the blood plasma of 18 Russian cosmonauts who had conducted long-duration missions to the International Space Station. The panel of labeled prototypic tryptic peptides from these proteins covered a concentration range of more than 5 orders of magnitude in human plasma. Quantitation was achieved by a well-established and highly-regarded targeted mass spectrometry approach involving multiple reaction monitoring in conjunction with stable isotope-labeled standards. Linear discriminant function analysis of the quantitative results revealed three distinct groups of proteins: 1) proteins with post-flight protein concentrations remaining stable, 2) proteins whose concentrations recovered slowly, or 3) proteins whose concentrations recovered rapidly to their pre-flight levels. Using a systems biology approach, nearly all of the reacting proteins could be linked to pathways that regulate the activities of proteases, natural immunity, lipid metabolism, coagulation cascades, or extracellular matrix metabolism.

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“…Numerous alterations to immune function have been observed after short or long space missions in humans and animals and in animals during land-based models of spaceflight (review in [17] , [57] , [58] , [59] ). Consistent observations include altered distributions of immune cells and variations in cytokines released in response to stimulations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Solar Particle Event Radiation and Hindlimb Suspension on Gastrointestinal Tract Bacterial Translocation and Immune Activation

Zhou

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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The environmental conditions that could lead to an increased risk for the development of an infection during prolonged space flight include: microgravity, stress, radiation, disturbance of circadian rhythms, and altered nutritional intake. A large body of literature exists on the impairment of the immune system by space flight. With the advent of missions outside the Earth's magnetic field, the increased risk of adverse effects due to exposure to radiation from a solar particle event (SPE) needs to be considered. Using models of reduced gravity and SPE radiation, we identify that either 2 Gy of radiation or hindlimb suspension alone leads to activation of the innate immune system and the two together are synergistic. The mechanism for the transient systemic immune activation is a reduced ability of the GI tract to contain bacterial products. The identification of mechanisms responsible for immune dysfunction during extended space missions will allow the development of specific countermeasures.

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Parameters of the innate and adaptive immunity in cosmonauts after long-term space flight on board the international space station

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Endothelial dysfunction markers and immune response indices in cosmonauts’ blood after long-duration space flights

Endothelial dysfunction markers and immune response indices in cosmonauts’ blood after long-duration space flights

Protein expression changes caused by spaceflight as measured for 18 Russian cosmonauts

Effect of Solar Particle Event Radiation and Hindlimb Suspension on Gastrointestinal Tract Bacterial Translocation and Immune Activation

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