Parametric Characterization of Air Gasification of Chlorella vulgaris Biomass

Abstract

The gasification of green algae Chlorella vulgaris in air was investigated using both a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a bench scale horizontal axis quartz tube reactor (HQR). The full range of solid state kinetic models produced best fits with TGA results varied for the five subzones of conversion vs temperature, with the nucleation and nuclei growth “A2” followed by “A3” or contracting volume models producing close matches for T ≤ 367 °C, a zero-order model between 358 and 468 °C, and contracting surface models for T ≥ 458 °C; each model yielding their set of apparent activation energy (E < 41 kJ mol–1) and pre-exponential factors (A > 0.04 s–1) corresponding to rate constants in the range 0.001–0.005 s–1. The HQR was used to investigate the effects of microalgal biomass loading, temperature, and equivalence ratio (ER) on C n H m /CO/H2 gas yield and composition, carbon conversion efficiency (CCE), and lower heating value (LHV) of syngas under air gasification conditions. Increasing microalgal biomass loading from 1 to 2 g led to a decrease in H2 content (24.2–19.5 vol %) in the gases. An optimal temperature of 950 °C resulted in the highest H2, CO, and CH4 yields at 2.9, 22.8, and 10.1 wt % of biomass from a maximum gas yield of 76.1 wt %, and highest H2/CO ratio (1.75) and CCE of 56.3%. The effect of ER was measured in two phases 0.1–0.26 and 0.26–35, respectively. During the first phase, the positive effect of ER played a major part compared to second phase, so the H2 content, H2 yield, CCE, and LHV were increased.

Parametric gasification process of sugarcane bagasse for syngas production

“…The initial biomass loading and final products (such as tar and char) were weighed using Apollo Precision Taploading Balance (Model: GX-4002a) with 4200 g maximum capacity and 0.01 g minimum readability. The lower heating value of gas was determined using eq (2) based on the species with combustion value [37]. The same method for determination of total gas has been reported by other researches [38,39].…”

“…The lower heating value of gas was determined using eq (2) based on the species with combustion value [37]. The same method for determination of total gas has been reported by other researches [38,39].…”

“…Nonetheless, the syngas LHV varied from 11.75 -13.41 MJ Nm -3 . The syngas LHV of 14.92 MJ Nm -3 has been regarded appropriate for dissimilar industrial usages for instance gas engines, boilers and methanol [37].…”

Thermal cracking behavior, products distribution and char/steam gasification kinetics of seawater Spirulina by TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS

“…The ultimate analysis was determined using an Elementar Analysensysteme Gmbh (Vario MACRO cube, Germany). The proximate of the Spirulina biomass as per reported method [25]. The oxygen (O) content and HHV were calculated from the equation of reference [26].…”

Co-thermal Degradation Characteristics of Rice Straw and Sewage Sludge&nbsp;

“…The calculating reaction order idea was introduced in numerous studies[7,19,24]. The biomass reaction order was found at around 0.69-3.57 (as indicated inTable 3)[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. The reaction order values were different from stage to stage and changed with different fuel mixing ratios.…”