Paraneoplastic vitelliform retinopathy associated with metastatic choroidal melanoma

Paraneoplastic and non-paraneoplastic retinopathy and optic neuropathy: Evaluation and management

“…14,33,69,93,120,122,136,147,148,200,214,265,271 Involvement is typically bilateral, and although most cases associated with choroidal melanoma were in monocular patients, two treated with plaque brachytherapy alone had bilateral fundus lesions consistent with PVM. 14,B FA typically demonstrates blockage of background choroidal fluorescence by the vitelliform lesions with late staining, 14,20,93,122,136,148,200,265 although in some cases the lesions displayed a mild early hyperfluorescence. 14,120,147,214,265,271 There is little, if any, leakage of dye into the corresponding subretinal space.…”

“…To our knowledge, 23 cases of PVM, albeit under different designations, have been reported in the literature (Table 1). 14,20,33,35,69,93,120,122,136,147,148,200,214,265,271,301 All but two carried a known diagnosis of malignancy. Until recently, all known cases were associated with either choroidal or cutaneous melanomas, leading many authors to speculate these may be atypical variants of MAR; however, three recent reports demonstrated similar findings in patients with non-melanoma malignancies.…”

“…The average age of onset is 59 years (range, 33e80 years), with an equal sex distribution. 14,20,33,35,69,93,120,122,136,147,148,200,214,265,271,301 The most common presentation is nyctalopia, although some patients experienced blurry vision, metamorphopsia, shimmering photopsias, glare, and halos. Clinically, PVM may more closely resemble other vitelliform retinopathies, such as acute exudative polymorphous vitelliform maculopathy, or the multifocal variant of Best's disease, than MAR or CAR.…”

Melanoma-Associated Retinopathy Treated with Ipilimumab Therapy

“…MAR is a rare autoimmune syndrome associated mainly with cutaneous melanoma but rarely with choroidal melanoma [6]. The main clinical symptom is a sudden loss of vision or visual photopsias.…”

Melanoma-associated retinopathy associated with intranasal melanoma

“…Earlier MAR cases have been exclusively associated with cutaneous melanomas except for a few cases associated with a uveal melanoma [12][13][14]. We present a case of MAR associated with an intranasal melanoma that is a rare site and accounts for less than 1% of all malignant melanomas [15].…”