Parasitism of the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) chitwood in five wild Solanaceae species

Abstract

There is a high incidence of the nematode Meloidogyne incognita in several economically important species of Solanaceae. This nematode causes damage to the roots, leading even to the death of the plant, causing economic losses for the producer. This research was carried out in greenhouse to assess the response of five species of wild Solanaceae (Solanum auriculatum, S.hirtum, S.hispidum, S.arboreum and Nicotiana glauca) to the infestation of M. incognita was evaluated. A randomized block design with three replicates was used. The initial inoculum was obtained from infested roots of tree tomato (S. betaceum Cav.), which was propagated in kidney tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) hibrid 'Sheila' which was used to inoculate the wild Solanaceae plus two susceptible controls (S. betaceum and S. quitoense) were inoculated with a dose of 2500 larvae. According to the reproduction factor of the nematode, S. arboreum, S. hirtum and N. glauca showed resistance because obtained values less than 1. In addition, S. hirtum (14.88) and N. glauca (22.67) showed the lowest number of root knots. In terms of foliage yield (dry weight), a response of tolerance was observed in all species except for the controls. It can be concluded that S. hirtum (compatible with S. quitoense -naranjilla) and N. glauca (compatible with S. betaceum -tree tomato) might be used as rootstocks of Solanaceae fruit crops of commercial importance in Ecuador, contributing to the integrated fruit production system. RESUMEN Palabras clave:Solanaceae Resistencia Susceptibilidad Tolerancia Nematodo

Plant growth and quality of cucumber grafted with Lagenaria siceraria in soil infested with nematodes

“…The above favours availability of soluble amino acids and proteins resulting in greater growth of plants (Pulgar et al, 2000). The growth of cucumber plants can be affected by presence of M. incognita (Cuadra et al, 2009) due to obstructions in root that reduce the transport of water and nutrients (Devran et al, 2017;Navarrete et al, 2018). However, incorporation of graft in cucumber production has reduced effects of nematodes as with results obtained in this investigation.…”

“…One of the limiting factors in cucumber production system is incidence of nematodes that affect normal plants development (Amin and Mona, 2014). Root-knot nematodes reduce water and nutrients transportation in plants (Navarrete et al, 2018). Among root-knot nematodes of greater agricultural importance are M. incognita, M. javanica, M. arenaria, and M. hapla, species distributed individual or combined in different agricultural regions of Mexico, with M. incognita being predominant species in warm areas (Del Prado-Vera et al, 2001).…”

Soil-Borne Nematodes: Impact in Agriculture and Livestock and Sustainable Strategies of Prevention and Control with Special Reference to the Use of Nematode Natural Enemies

“…They produce a large number of microcolonies inside the nematode body, and this invasion alters nematode reproduction [123] and eventually causes nematode death [124]. This bacterium has been found mainly as a parasite of the phytonematode Meloidogyne incognita and other phytopathogenic nematodes that affect the root systems of tomato and other economically important crops [125]. This bacterium has been found as a parasite of 323 nematode species belonging to 116 genera, including free-living nematodes, predatory phytonematodes, and entomopathogenic nematodes [126][127][128].…”

Especies de Solanáceas Andinas con resistencia a factores bióticos, como portainjerto de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.)

“…The results of the analysis are presented in Table 6. Both promising rootstocks (N. glauca and S. auriculatum) have relatively low levels of chaconine and solanine, which, according to the internationally accepted levels of toxicity (Navarrete et al, 2018) may be considered as suitable rootstocks for S. betaceum. Means followed by the same letter are not significant different measured by Tukey (p ≤ 0.05).…”