Parity generator and digital code converter in QCA nanotechnology

Khakpour, Mahdi; Gholami, Mohammad; Naghizadeh, Shokoufeh

doi:10.1007/s40089-019-00292-8

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Two novel structures for the XOR gate were proposed [17]. The best proposed XOR gate consists of 20 QCA cells and 0.75 latency.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity Generators for Nanocommunication Systems Using QCA Nanotechnology

Sharma

2023

Period. Polytech. Elec. Eng. Comp. Sci.

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Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) nanotechnology has the capability to design highly-dense, ultra-low power, and high-speed digital circuits at ultra-deep sub-micron (ultra-DSM) level. QCA nanostructure provides a transistor-free operation that saves large energy dissipation as compared to the conventional metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) technology. In this paper, 3-input exclusive-OR (XOR) and exclusive-NOR (XNOR) gates are presented using QCA cells. XOR and XNOR (XOR-XNOR) gates are further utilized to design the 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-bit even and odd parity generators. The QCA-based 3-input XNOR gate is constructed using only 10 QCA cells and two clock phases. The target of the presented designs is to use the minimum count of QCA cells in a simplistic way to form the higher bit-size parity generators. The comparative analyses for the different performance metrics are showing that the developed designs are performing well for the cell count, latency, area, and layout cost as compared to the existing designs. Energy dissipation for the designs is calculated to check the energy efficiency by using the QCA Designer-E and QCA Pro tools.

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“…Two novel structures for the XOR gate were proposed [17]. The best proposed XOR gate consists of 20 QCA cells and 0.75 latency.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity Generators for Nanocommunication Systems Using QCA Nanotechnology

Sharma

2023

Period. Polytech. Elec. Eng. Comp. Sci.

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“…QCA NAND gate design is realized by cascading a majority voter-based AND gate with an inverter. The optimal design [20]. (e) Gassoumi et al [19].…”

Section: Basic Logic Gatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In QCA technology, the XOR gate synthesis has been the center for research for its versatile applications in various digital logic circuits like adders, code converters, comparators, etc. Different QCA XOR layout designs are present in the literature, with cell counts ranging from 121-9, as shown in figure 8 [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Researchers put in constant effort to decrease the cell count and increase the efficiency of other critical design parameters.…”

Section: Xor/xnor Gatementioning

confidence: 99%

Survey, taxonomy, and methods of QCA-based design techniques—part I: digital circuits

Fazili¹,

Shah²,

Naz³

et al. 2022

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

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Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a novel promising nanoscale technology that allows the design of integrated circuits with high speed, low power consumption, and high density. Because of this potential benefit, the QCA is chosen as a viable alternative to complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In this paper, we have provided a comprehensive review of various types of digital circuits and modules in QCA nanotechnology. We have discussed circuits like XOR/XNOR, half and full adder, multiplexers and demultiplexers, comparators, flip-flops, Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU) and Random-Access Memory (RAM). We have shown how these circuits are designed using various methodologies being it using different types of cross-overs, multi-layer designs or using cell-to-cell interaction method advantages and overheads. These logical circuits are compared on the basis of various parameters such as cell area, total area, latency, number of cells, energy dissipation, and complexity and are explained starting from the design which is having large cell count to the efficient design present in terms of the above parameters.

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“…So, for working and calculating with this type of system, data should be converted to the right codes, here the importance of code converting is felt, and that's why many code converters like decimal to binary, binary to decimal, decimal to excess-3, excess-3 to decimal, etc. were presented by Gholami et al [5]. Many ICs convert codes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper by using the tile method, two code converters are presented: excess-3 code to decimal (that is the topology of 7443 IC from 74 series IC) and decimal to an excess-3 code. There weren't many papers to present QCA digital code converters, particularly an excess-3 code converter [5], but in the following, some papers about code converters are presented. Raina et al [9] presented a BCD to sevensegment code.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decimal to Excess-3 and Excess-3 to Decimal Code Converters in QCA Nanotechnology

Fouladinia

Gholami

2023

IJE

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Nowadays Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one of the new technologies in nanoscale which can be used in future circuits. Most digital circuits are implemented with CMOS technology, but CMOS has some problems like power consumption and circuit size. So, for solving these problems a new method (QCA) is presented. It is clear that converters play a crucial role in the digital world. So, due to the aforementioned point, in this paper, two digital code converters, containing an excess-3 to decimal, and a decimal to excess-3 code converter are presented. The tile method is used to design proposed circuits in quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) nanotechnology. The tile method gives a unique block for the majority and NOT gates. This property facilitates integration. Both of the proposed code converters have 1.75 clock cycles delay and have an energy dissipation of about 100meV. In the excess-3 code to decimal converter, 516 cells are used, which occupy an area equal to 0.43µm 2 also in the decimal to excess-3 code converter. 321 cells are used, which occupy an area equal to 0.28 µm 2 .

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Parity generator and digital code converter in QCA nanotechnology

Cited by 29 publications

References 17 publications

Parity Generators for Nanocommunication Systems Using QCA Nanotechnology

Parity Generators for Nanocommunication Systems Using QCA Nanotechnology

Survey, taxonomy, and methods of QCA-based design techniques—part I: digital circuits

Decimal to Excess-3 and Excess-3 to Decimal Code Converters in QCA Nanotechnology

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