Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection with intact atrial septum in a child with ventricular septal defect: a case report

Abstract

Partial anomalous pulmonary vein connection (PAPVC) is a rare congenital abnormal cardiac defect involving the pulmonary veins draining into the right atrium (RA) directly or indirectly by venous connection. Ninety percent of PAPVCs are accompanied by atrial septal defect (ASD). To our knowledge, there is no previous report of PAPVC with ventricular septal defect (VSD) without ASD in Korea, and in this paper, we report the first such case. A 2-day-old girl was admitted into the Chonnam National University Hospital for evaluation of a cardiac murmur. An echocardiogram revealed perimembranous VSD without ASD. She underwent patch closure of the VSD at 5 months of age. Although the VSD was completely closed, she had persistent cardiomegaly with right ventricular volume overload, as revealed by echocardiography. Three years later, cardiac catheterization and chest computed tomography revealed a PAPVC, with the right upper pulmonary vein draining into the right SVC. Therefore, correction of the PAPVC was surgically performed at 3 years of age. We conclude that it is important to suspect PAPVC in patients with right ventricular volume overload, but without ASD.

WITHDRAWN: Anomalous Connection of the Left Pulmonary Vein to the Coronary Sinus With Intact Atrial Septum in a Young Woman

“…Patients with the symptoms of heart failure can be controlled with after load reduction, beta blockers ,diuretics, and cardiac glycosides. The surgical repair was the most effective treatment to PAPVC [6]. The preschool age is the optimal time for intervention.…”

“…Thus the true incidence of PAPVC is slightly higher than expected. Most cases of PAPVC are from the right lung, Only 10-18% cases of PAPVC from the left pulmonary are reported, PAPVC originating from the right pulmonary occurs ten times more commonly than the connecting veins started from the left lung [4].Few studies of anomalous connection of the left pulmonary vein to the coronary venous sinus have been reported [6]. And meanwhile, PAPVC presented with ASD was reported in 80%-90% of cases [1].Isolated PAPVC associated without ASD have been rarely reported.…”

Anomalous Connection of the Left Pulmonary Vein to the Coronary Sinus with Intact Atrial Septum in a Young Woman

“…[Mei 2017]. Research on the incidence of PAPVC has yielded a mixed bag of results because many patients without clinical symptoms were not captured by the PAPVC rate [Kim 2012]. Thus, the real incidence of PAPVC is slightly higher than expected.…”

Hitherto Unreported Pattern of Complex Obstructive Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage with Dual Drainage of Accessory Pulmonary Veins

“…It is associated with atrial septal defect (ASD) in 90% of cases. 4 Obstruction to the anomalous connection can result in elevated venous pressures, subsequently leading to pulmonary edema and respiratory distress. Obstruction is more commonly seen in infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) cases and is rarely reported in supra cardiac PAPVC.…”