Particle Size Distribution of Mainstream Cigarette Smoke Undergoing Dilution

Chang, Pao-T.; Peters, Leonard K.; Ueno, Yasuo

doi:10.1080/02786828508959048

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The results in Table 2 indicate that the primary dilution ratio had no apparent systematic effect on any of the parameters. This was not true for mainstream cigarette smoke where the primary dilution promoted evaporation of the smoke particles [see Table 4 of Chang et al (1985) for comparison]. But any effects of primary dilution on sidestream smoke would have to be indirect, and it affected only slightly the actual smoking conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, Chang et al (1985) noted that the number concentration for mainstream cigarette smoke obtained from the CNC was about 50% of that obtained from the EAA. A similar comparison was made for the set of 60 simultaneous measurements (each an average of three individual determinations) on sidestream cigarette smoke.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental system used to measure the size distribution and generation rate of sidestream cigarette smoke was basically the same as that for the mainstream cigarette smoke experiments of Chang et al (1985).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these experiments, the residence times of the sidestream smoke prior to introduction into the Cascade Impactor or flow dividing dilution system were between 3.5 and 21 s. There was an additional 2.1-s residence time prior to the EAA and CNC analyzers, but these were at concentrations of lo4 to lo5 particles/cm3, so that coagulation was not important. Considerable calibration of the system had been done in conjunction with the earlier study on mainstream cigarette smoke (Chang et al, 1985).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the Electrical Aerosol Analyzer, Condensation Nuclei Counter, and Andersen Cascade Iqpactor were used for particle size analysis. The results can be directly compared to our previous study on mainstream cigarette smoke using the same system (Chang et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size and Generation Rate of Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Particles

Ueno

Peters

1986

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size and Generation Rate of Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Particles

Ueno

Peters

1986

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Environmental Tobacco Smoke Particles

Nazaroff

Klepeis

2003

Indoor Environment

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IntroductionEnvironmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a mixture of gases and particles. It is generated by the combustion of tobacco products, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes. Most ETS issues from the smoldering tobacco between puffs. Exhaled mainstream smoke also contributes to ETS.Once released to the environment, the particles and gases in ETS are subjected to physical and chemical processes that can alter their concentrations, their physical form, and their chemical composition. For example, dispersion processes such as turbulent mixing cause ETS concentrations to become more uniformly distributed throughout a room. Deposition onto indoor surfaces reduces airborne particle concentrations and shifts the particle size distribution. Sorptive interactions with indoor materials can alter the relative amounts of volatile and semi-volatile compounds that remain airborne.Although ETS comprises both gases and particles, for the purposes of this chapter, we focus exclusively on the particle phase. ETS particles are small liquid droplets, mostly in the size range 0.02-2 µm in diameter. Chemically, they are mainly comprised of organic compounds that have vapor pressures sufficiently low to remain in the condensed phase. These compounds are formed during smoking by volatilization, pyrolysis, and partial oxidation of the components of the tobacco product. It is the scattering of light by particles that causes smoke to be visible.Environmental tobacco smoke is a major contributor to indoor air concentrations and human exposures to particles. Consequently, many studies have been concerned with the nature and significance of ETS particles. In this chapter, we summarize what has been learned, emphasizing the physical and chemical processes that influence indoor ETS particle levels. We point out several unresolved issues that warrant further study. 245 3.5 b NSH = non-smoking home; SH = smoking home; NSW = non-smoking workplace; SW = smoking workplace; NS = non-smoker; NA = not available. c PTEAM = USEPA's Particle Total Exposure Assessment Methodology. d The Harvard Six City study is described with preliminary results in Spengler et al. (1981). The six cities were: Portage, WI; Topeka, KS; Kingston-Harriman, TN; Watertown, MA; St. Louis, MO; Steubenville, OH.e The main reference for the New York State study is Sheldon et al. (1989). f The sixteen cities surveyed were: Knoxville,

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Attachment rate characteristics of different wide used aerosol sources in indoor air

Mostafa

Khalaf

Zhukovsky

2021

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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In this work, six different aerosol sources, used in everyday life, were investigated to analyze parameters such as concentration, size distributions, and dynamics: regular and electronic cigarettes, incense, candles, mosquito coils, and cooking. During the experiments, the aerosol particle count ranged from 200 to 2•10 5 cm −3 . The number, mass, and specific surface area of the aerosol size distributions were measured by a Model 2702 M diffusion aerosol spectrometer (DAS) with a range of 5 nm to 10 μm. The attachment rate of radon decay products to aerosol particles is calculated depending on their size distribution/ The use of household sources of aerosols (heat treatment of food, smoking, candles, etc.) result in an increase in the concentration of aerosol particles by more than an order of magnitude, mainly due to the generation of ultrafine aerosols with number median diameter 64-92 nm and GSD 1.45-1.84. The mass distribution is dominated by particles with a distribution maximum in the range of 2-5 μm. The attachment of radon decay products to aerosols is associated with ultrafine particles with diameter < 200 nm. The median diameter of the rate of attachment to aerosols is 130 nm.

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Particle Size Distribution of Mainstream Cigarette Smoke Undergoing Dilution

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

Size and Generation Rate of Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Particles

Size and Generation Rate of Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Particles

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Particles

Attachment rate characteristics of different wide used aerosol sources in indoor air

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