“…Meanwhile, socioeconomic development and population growth resulted in land use change, leading to additional pressures on the environment (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, ). Human‐induced activities have significantly increased evapotranspiration because of large expansion of water‐intensive and irrigated agriculture (Kundu, Khare, & Mondal, ), changes in vegetation cover (Feng et al, ; Khazaei et al, ), and expansion of (plantation) forest (Tange, Shrestha, Shrestha, Datta, & Kawasaki, ; Yan, Zhang, Yan, Zhang, & Chen, ). Integrated land–climate changes resulted in a substantial change from basins' natural water supply–demand balance, particularly in the arid and semiarid regions.…”