Pathogenesis of Trichosporon asahii and Strategies for Infectious Control of Disseminated Trichosporonosis

Tokimatsu, Issei; Karashima, Reiko; Yamagata, Eiji; Yamakami, Yuriko; Nagai, Hirokazu; Kadota, Jun‐ichi; Nasu, Masaru

doi:10.3314/jjmm.44.181

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Trichosporonosis accounts for ca. 10% of all confirmed cases of disseminated fungal infections [1][2][3][4][5]. Trichosporon asahii is the major pathogen of disseminated and deep-seated trichosporonosis [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro combined activity of amphotericin B, caspofungin and voriconazole against clinical isolates of Trichosporon asahii

Wan

et al. 2010

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro combined activity of amphotericin B, caspofungin and voriconazole against clinical isolates of Trichosporon asahii

Wan

et al. 2010

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…The genus Trichosporon includes 38 species, approximately one‐third of which have been isolated from clinical specimens; however the major causative agents of both infections are T. asahii (1). Deep‐seated infection is a lethal opportunistic infection occasionally found in immunocompromised patients, particularly those who are neutropenic due to hematological disease or cytotoxic therapy (4, 5). The prognosis of this infection is very poor, its mortality being approximately 70% (6).…”

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confidence: 99%

The opportunistic yeast pathogen Trichosporon asahii colonizes the skin of healthy individuals: analysis of 380 healthy individuals by age and gender using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay

Zhang

Sugita

Tsuboi

et al. 2011

Microbiology and Immunology

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Deep-seated trichosporonosis is an opportunistic fungal infection with a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. The major causative agent is Trichosporon asahii; its route of infection is not clear. To elucidate whether this microorganism is part of the cutaneous microbiota, we examined skin samples from 380 healthy Japanese ranging in age from 0 to 82 years using a nested PCR assay. The colonization frequency of T. asahii increased with age up to 13-15 years in male and 30-39 years in female subjects, subsequently decreasing gradually in both sexes until senescence. Of the nine genotypes of the intergenic spacer region of the T. asahii rRNA gene, type 1 predominated (81.7%), followed by types 4 (6.7%) and 6 (5.5%). The distribution of identified genotypes was similar to that for T. asahii isolated from clinical specimens (blood and urine) of patients with deep-seated trichosporonosis and quite different from that of environmental isolates. Additionally, T. asahii DNA was detected stably from skin samples over 1 year. The opportunistic yeast pathogen T. asahii is part of the cutaneous fungal microbiota in humans. Cutaneous T. asahii may be one of the routes through which deep-seated trichosporonosis is acquired, whereas environmental T. asahii is not associated with this infection. Key words microbiota, skin, Trichosporon asahii.The fungal infection trichosporonosis is clinically classified into superficial and deep-seated infection (1-3). The genus Trichosporon includes 38 species, approximately one-third of which have been isolated from clinical specimens; however the major causative agents of both infections are T. asahii (1). Deep-seated infection is a lethal opportunistic infection occasionally found in immunocompromised patients, particularly those who are neutropenic due to hematological disease or cytotoxic therapy (4, 5). The prognosis of this infection is very poor, its mortality being approximately 70% (6). This is higher than that of candidiasis, with a mortality of 40%. Of isolates obtained from patients' blood, almost all have been T. asahii (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Trichosporon is widely distributed in the environment, including in soil and air (1, 13). Type III or IV allergies can develop after repeated inhalation of the microorganisms. This allergy, so-called SHP, is mainly observed in western or southern Japan during the hot, humid, and rainy season of summer (14-16). These conditions favor the growth of Trichosporon species. Although deep-seated trichosporonosis due to T. asahii is a lifethreatening fungal infection, the route through which this

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“…It is thought that a small number of T. asahii escaped from biophylaxis mechanism develops persistence colonization, and subsequently, lethal disseminated trichosporonosis is developed when neutropenia is done by chemotherapy (14). Animal studies revealed that T. asahii DNA was detected from the animal under the persistence infection (10).…”

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“…2. For the patient in whom neutropenia is persistently or intermit- tently estimated, when PCR assay showed positive reaction even if the patient had no clinical symptom, it should be latent trichosporonemia, and then treatment with antifungal agents should be immediately positive for such a patient (14,18). Quantitative assay is clinically significant because the relationship between efficacy of treatment and amount of pathogen in the blood can be monitored in time-dependent change.…”

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Real‐Time PCR Assay to Detect DNA in Sera for the Diagnosis of Deep‐Seated Trichosporonosis

Mekha

Sugita

Ikeda

et al. 2007

Microbiology and Immunology

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Pathogenesis of Trichosporon asahii and Strategies for Infectious Control of Disseminated Trichosporonosis

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

In vitro combined activity of amphotericin B, caspofungin and voriconazole against clinical isolates of Trichosporon asahii

In vitro combined activity of amphotericin B, caspofungin and voriconazole against clinical isolates of Trichosporon asahii

The opportunistic yeast pathogen Trichosporon asahii colonizes the skin of healthy individuals: analysis of 380 healthy individuals by age and gender using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay

Real‐Time PCR Assay to Detect DNA in Sera for the Diagnosis of Deep‐Seated Trichosporonosis

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