Pathogenic conversion of coagulase-negative staphylococci

Yu, Wenchao; Kim, Hwan Keun; Rauch, Sabine; Schneewind, Olaf; Missiakas, Dominique

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2016.12.002

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In preclinical models, mutant S. aureus strains lacking both staphylocoagulase and VWbp were significantly reduced in their ability to cause skin infections , catheter infections or lethal sepsis . Moreover, inducing coagulase activity in the otherwise harmless Staphylococcus simulans transformed it into a pathogen that could survive in the bloodstream and cause metastatic infections .…”

Section: S Aureus Coagulases: Uncontrolled Fibrin Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus, master manipulator of the human hemostatic system

Liesenborghs

Verhamme

Vanassche

2018

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

100

117

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The coagulation system does not only offer protection against bleeding, but also aids in our defense against invading microorganisms. The hemostatic system and innate immunity are strongly entangled, which explains why so many infections are complicated by either bleeding or thrombosis. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), currently the most deadly infectious agent in the developed world, causes devastating intravascular infections such as sepsis and infective endocarditis. During these infections S. aureus comes in close contact with the host hemostatic system and proves to be a master in manipulating coagulation. The coagulases of S. aureus directly induce coagulation by activating prothrombin. S. aureus also manipulates fibrinolysis by triggering plasminogen activation via staphylokinase. Furthermore, S. aureus binds and activates platelets and interacts with key coagulation proteins such as fibrin(ogen), fibronectin and von Willebrand factor. By manipulating the coagulation system S. aureus gains a significant advantage over the host defense mechanisms. Studying the interplay between S. aureus and the hemostatic system can therefore lead to new innovative therapies for battling S. aureus infections.

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Section: S Aureus Coagulases: Uncontrolled Fibrin Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus, master manipulator of the human hemostatic system

Liesenborghs

Verhamme

Vanassche

2018

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

100

117

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“…Many strains of Staphylococcus aureus have been colonized on the surface of humans bodies, and some of these bacteria are pathogenic (18). The prevalence of MRSA is now increasing worldwide and this bacterium has become a major concern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococci strains isolated from inpatients

Farmehr

Fathi

Hadadi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objectives: Globally nosocomial infection is a significant problem. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) are major causes of nosocomial infections. Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of MRSA and MRCoNS in the southwest of Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 221 non-duplicated staphylococci isolates collected from teaching hospital in Shiraz. The prevalence of MRSA and MRCoNS in clinical samples was identified with conventional microbiological tests. After identification, all of the isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test and PCR to identify the presence of femA, mecA and pvl genes. Results: 70 (41.7 %) MRSA among 168 S. aureus, and 26 (15.48%) MRCoNS among 53 CoNS were examined. All of the isolates were susceptible to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (100%). Chloramphenicol (65%) and Gentamicin (23%) were the other most active antibacterial agents against MRSA and MRCoNS. The frequency of pvl gene among S. aureus strains was 3.57%. There is need for developing the antibiotic policy and limiting the use of powerful antibiotics.

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“…Pathogenic conversion of CoNS, where the simultaneous possession of coa, vwb, and clfA genes (encoding coagulation and agglutination of vertebrate blood) by CoNS was observed to have enhanced the survival of S. simulans in whole blood and replication in distal organs due to enhanced ability to agglutinate in plasma. 54 Thus, the possession of these determinants has been mooted as a possible mechanism of converting otherwise commensal staphylococci into invasive pathogens. 54 Although determining the pathogenicity of CoNS can be difficult, signs of inflammation, inserted foreign body, immunosuppression, virulence determinants, and recurring detection of the same clone are generally factors that predict a high probability of infection rather than contamination.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…54 Thus, the possession of these determinants has been mooted as a possible mechanism of converting otherwise commensal staphylococci into invasive pathogens. 54 Although determining the pathogenicity of CoNS can be difficult, signs of inflammation, inserted foreign body, immunosuppression, virulence determinants, and recurring detection of the same clone are generally factors that predict a high probability of infection rather than contamination. 24…”

Section: Epidemiology and Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Clinically and Epidemiologically Relevant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Africa

Asante

Amoako

Abia

et al. 2020

Microbial Drug Resistance

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) have engendered substantial interest in recent years as pathogenic causes of infections in both human and veterinary medicine, especially in the immunocompromised, critically ill, long-term hospitalized and in those harboring invasive medical devices such as catheters. They have been implicated in infections such as urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, and invasive device-related infections, and are responsible for substantial economic losses in livestock production. The advancement of diagnostic techniques has increased our understanding of their molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity, even though distinguishing between innocuousness and pathogenicity is still challenging. The incidence of CoNS varied across the continent in humans and animals (mainly cattle), ranging from 6% to 68% in suspected human infections and from 3% to 61.7% in suspected animal infections, distributed across different geographic locations. Furthermore, there were varying antibiotic resistance patterns observed in CoNS isolates, with high methicillin resistance in some cases, leading to crossresistance against many antibiotics. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Staphylococcus xylosus were most commonly reported in studies herein reviewed, while the enterotoxin C gene, atl E gene, ica gene, and hemolysin virulence factors were linked with enhanced pathogenicity. Advancement in identification and typing methods, including whole genome sequencing, virulence screening, and the assessment of the immune status of subjects in studies will help to thoroughly assess the true pathogenic potential of isolated CoNS species in developing countries. Careful antibiotic stewardship guidelines should be followed due to the ability of CoNS to develop multidrug resistance.

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Pathogenic conversion of coagulase-negative staphylococci

Cited by 28 publications

References 46 publications

Staphylococcus aureus, master manipulator of the human hemostatic system

Staphylococcus aureus, master manipulator of the human hemostatic system

The Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococci strains isolated from inpatients

Review of Clinically and Epidemiologically Relevant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Africa

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