Patterns of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in 12 Ethiopian Crotalaria species

Asres, Kaleab; Sporer, Frank; Wink, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.bse.2004.03.004

Cited by 42 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A total of 33 different alkaloids (Figure 1) were identified by GC-MS across the 24 Crotalaria taxa studied and are ranked in RI order ( Table 1) with taxa composition as detailed in Table 2. Many of these (7), 52 (2), 51 (2), 44 (2), 43 (3) 1-methoxymethyl-1,2-dehydro-8R-pyrrolizidine (4) 1247 153 153 (19), 152 (10), 124 (7) compounds represent alkaloids that have previously been identified in these Crotalaria taxa (11), but many of the early literature references lack mass spectrometric and RI data. Mass spectra for these alkaloids are reported here for the first time ( Table 1) and have been included in a pyrrolizidine alkaloid mass spectra database maintained at this institute.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Crotalaria Taxa from Northern Australia: Risk to Grazing Livestock

Fletcher¹,

McKenzie²,

Blaney³

et al. 2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Crotalaria species containing hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids grow widely in pastures in northern Australia and have sporadically poisoned grazing livestock. The diverse Crotalaria taxa present in these pastures include varieties, subspecies, and chemotypes not previously chemically examined. This paper reports the pyrrolizidine alkaloid composition and content of 24 Crotalaria taxa from this region and assesses the risk of poisoning in livestock consuming them. Alkaloids present in C. goreensis , C. aridicola subsp. densifolia, and C. medicaginea var. neglecta lack the esterified 1,2-unsaturated functionality required for pyrrole adduct formation, and these taxa are not hepatotoxic. Taxa with high levels of hepatotoxic alkaloids, abundance, and biomass pose the greatest risk to livestock health, particularly C. novae-hollandiae subsp. novae-hollandiae, C. ramosissima , C. retusa var. retusa, and C. crispata . Other species containing moderate alkaloid levels, C. spectabilis and C. mitchellii , also pose significant risk when locally abundant.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Crotalaria Taxa from Northern Australia: Risk to Grazing Livestock

Fletcher¹,

McKenzie²,

Blaney³

et al. 2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Compound II was isolated from Fraction 4 and identified as madurensine based on spectroscopic analysis reported by previous researchers (Verdoorn and Van Wyk, 1992). (Atal and Kapur, 1966, Abegaz et al, 1987Asres et al, 2004and Flores et al, 2009 and was found together with trans-anacrotine to be the only alkaloids in the seeds of Crotalaria capensis (Verdoorn and Van Wyk, 1992) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Isolated Compounds Via Bioassay-guided Fractionationmentioning

confidence: 89%

In vitro chemo-preventative activity of Crotalaria agatiflora subspecies agatiflora Schweinf

Roux

Hussein

Lall

2011

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Ethnopharmacological relevance: Crotalaria species have been widely used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat several types of internal cancers. Crotalaria agatiflora is used as a medicinal plant in several African countries for the treatment of bacterial and viral infections as well as for cancer. Materials and methods:Water and ethanol extracts of the leaves of C. agatiflora were evaluated for cytotoxcity on four cancerous and one noncancerous cell lines, using XTT (Sodium 3' -[1-(phenyl amino-carbonyl)-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis-[4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzene sulfonic acid hydrate) colorimetric assay. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl). Light microscopy (eosin and hematozylin staining) and flow cytometry (Annexin-V and propidium iodide) were used to evaluate the mechanism of action of the ethanol extract and one of the isolated compounds. Results Conclusions:The results indicated that C. agatiflora possesses potential chemopreventative and therapeutic properties. The exact mechanism of action should still be determined in future studies.It is hypothesised that the ethanolic extract as well as madurensine induces autophagy, which in prolonged circumstances may lead to autophagic cell death.

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“…The only exceptions are chamomile (belonging to Asteraceae) and rooibos (belonging to Fabaceae). Furthermore, rooibos belongs to the genus Crotalaria, which is known for PA formation, mainly of 11-and 12-membered macrocyclic diesters (Asres et al 2004). Therefore, a possible but rather unlikely explanation for PA detection in tea samples is that tea herbs themselves are previously unknown PA producers.…”

Section: Analysis Of Pa Ester Type Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in tea, herbal drugs and honey

Bodi

Ronczka

Gottschalk

et al. 2014

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

168

136

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Honey was previously considered to be one of the main food sources of human pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) exposure in Europe. However, comprehensive analyses of honey and tea sampled in the Berlin retail market revealed unexpected high PA amounts in teas. This study comprised the analysis of 87 honey as well as 274 tea samples including black, green, rooibos, melissa, peppermint, chamomile, fennel, nettle, and mixed herbal tea or fruit tea. Total PA concentrations in tea ranged from < LOD to 5647 µg kg(-1), while a mean value of about 10 µg kg(-1) was found in honey samples. Additionally, herbal drugs were investigated to identify the source of PA in teas. Results suggest that PA in tea samples are most likely a contamination caused by co-harvesting of PA-producing plants. In some cases such as fennel, anise or caraway, it cannot be excluded that these plants are able to produce PA themselves.

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Patterns of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in 12 Ethiopian Crotalaria species

Cited by 42 publications

References 21 publications

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Crotalaria Taxa from Northern Australia: Risk to Grazing Livestock

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Crotalaria Taxa from Northern Australia: Risk to Grazing Livestock

In vitro chemo-preventative activity of Crotalaria agatiflora subspecies agatiflora Schweinf

Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in tea, herbal drugs and honey

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