“…However, the clinical application of TAN for anticancer therapy is hindered by its low water-solubility, poor cellular uptake , short half-life, and first pass metabolism (Zhang et al, 2012b;Yu et al, 2007). Many colloidal carriers including polymeric micelles (Wang et al, 2014), emulsions (Chu et al, 2012), micro-emulsions (Ma et al, 2013), and nanoparticles have been used to improve the solubility of TAN. However, the cytotoxicity and bioavailability of TAN still need to be improved.…”