“…Since the first report of percutaneous vertebralplasty appeared in 1987 [9], such techniques gained wide application in the treatment of osteoporotic compression, osteolytic metastases, and hemangioma of vertebrae. In recent years, percutaneouos osteoplasty as a technical extension of the vertebroplasty has been included in the treatment of osteolytic lesions in weight-bearing besides the vertebrae, including acetabulum, sacrum, pubis, pelvis, ischium, femur and sternum and has demonstrated a high efficacy for pain relief and functional improvement [6,13,16,20,24,25,27,28]. Percutaneous injection of cement can stabilize and strengthen bones in the body, which has been postulated as the major mechanism of pain relief [7,15].…”