Pemanfaatan Gulma Saliara (Lantana camara L.) sebagai Bioherbisida Pra Tumbuh dan Pengolahan Tanah untuk Pengendalian Gulma di Areal Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit

Abstract

Bioherbicides become one of the alternative eco-friendly weed controls that could be used. Saliara (Lantana camara) is one of the dominant weeds in oil palm plantations, this weeds have a distinctive aroma and contain allelochemical compounds. To further optimize weed control, soil processing is also considered a preventive method. This is because the soil treatment could cut the weed seeds so that it fails to germinate. The use of bioherbicide and soil treatment is expected to become the alternative weed control alternative that is more effective in controlling weeds by pre-growing. The objectives of this experiment were to obtain the alternative material for pre-emergence bioherbicide and to know the effectivity of soil tillage for controlling weed in oil palm plantation. This research conducted at Teaching Farm 2 and Biology Laboratory of Citra Widya Education Oil Palm Polytechnic Bekasi, from April until Mei 2017. This research was arranged in a factorial random block design with two replications. The first factor was soil tillage, consist of A1 (without soil tillage) and A2 (soil tillage). Second factor was bioherbicide application, consist of B1 (with bioherbicide application) and B2 (without bioherbicide application). Each of treatments repeated two times, so that there were 8 experimental unit. The data was analysis of variance. If the analysis variance test result was significant at 5%, then it continued by T test (Least Significance Different, LSD). The result showed that Lantana camara could be as alternative material for pre-emergence bioherbicide in oil palm plantation. Soil tillage and application of Lantana camara bioherbicide not significantly affected to height weeds, number of leave and biomass. The interaction between these factors significantly affected to number of leaves in 2 weeks. The best combination treatment was without soil tillage and application of bioherbicide.

Potensi Ekstrak Daun Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub.) sebagai Bioherbisida untuk Mengendalikan Gulma pada Padi Sawah

“…Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak yang diberikan maka penekanan yang terjadi pada gulma uji cenderung semakin tinggi. Menurut Sari et al (2017) semakin pekat ekstrak maka senyawa biokimia yang dikandung semakin tinggi sehingga gulma semakin tertekan. Penekanan gulma uji diduga disebabkan oleh penghambatan pembelahan sel oleh senyawa bioaktif ekstrak eceng gondok.…”

Respons pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit terhadap bioherbisida saliara di pembibitan awal

“…Bioherbisida Lantana camara dengan konsentrasi 30% diketahui mampu menghambat perkecambahan dan anakan Acacia (Mirnawati et al, 2017). Sari (2018) juga melaporkan bahwa ekstrak bioherbisida Lantana camara mampu menurunkan jumlah gulma sebesar 36% dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa pemberian ekstrak.…”

Potential of Siamese Weeds (Chromolaena adorate (L) R. M. King dan H.Robinson) as Bioherbisides

“…Beberapa percobaan telah dilakukan dan menunjukkan terdapat adanya potensi C. odorata untuk berperan sebagai bioherbisida. Pemberian ekstrak 3% C.odorata (v/v) mampu menurunkan daya tumbuh dan biomassa gulma (Sari, Hafif, & Soesatrijo, 2017). Muzaiyanah (2014) melaporkan bahwa ekstrak larutan C. odorata dengan konsentrasi 40% (m/v) daun segar mampu menekan pertumbuhan P. oleraceae hingga 33% pada panjang batang dan 56% panjang akar.…”