Pendekatan Problem Based Learning untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa

Abstract

PENDAHULUANIlmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang terus berkembang berpengaruh besar dalam dunia pendidikan. Hal ini membuat pelaku pendidikan meningkatkan strategi belajar mengajar untuk mendapatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang unggul. Strategi belajar mengajar yang baik memungkinkan dosen berinteraksi secara langsung dengan mahasiswa sehingga membuka kesempatan yang luas untuk pendalaman materi kepada mahasiswa. Selain itu strategi belajar mengajar dapat mendorong mahasiswa mengembangkan pengetahuannya serta berpikir kritis dalam menghadapi permasalahan yang terjadi.Menurut Suwardjono (2005) menyatakan bahwa kondisi belajar mengajar di perguruan tinggi di Indonesia secara umum belum mengubah secara nyata wawasan dan perilaku akademik. Hal ini terlihat dari masih banyaknya lulusan perguruan tinggi yang susah mendapat pekerjaan serta cara berpikir lulusan Abstrak Salah satu upaya meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya perguruan tinggi adalah mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Hal ini mendorong peneliti untuk menerapkan pendekatan problem based learning sebagai upaya mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa khususnya mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika IKIP Budi Utomo Malang pada mata kuliah Geometri. Salah satu keunggulan dari pendekatan problem based learning adalah pendekatan ini berorientasi pada kecakapan siswa memproses informasi. Pemrosesan informasi ini mengacu pada cara siswa berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya, melihat masalah, mengembangkan konsep, dan memecahkan masalah tersebut. Dengan demikian kemampuan berpikir kritis dapat berkembang karena dalam penelitian ini kemampuan berpikir kritis yang diamati mencangkup kemampuan mengidentifikasi masalah, menganalisis masalah, memecahkan masalah, dan menarik kesimpulan dengan tepat. Kata Kunci: Pendekatan Problem Based Learning, Berpikir Kritis Abstract One effort to improve the quality of higher education resource is developing students' critical thinking skill. It pushes the researcher to apply problem-based learning as an effort to develop the critical thinking skill of the students, especially students of Mathematics Education at the Teachers Training College of Budi Utomo Malang in Geometry course. One of the advantages of problem-based learning approach is oriented on skill of the students in processing the information. Processing the information refers to the way students interact with the environment, see the problem, develop concept, and solve the problem. Thus the critical thinking skill may develop because in this research the critical thinking skill that will be observed, it covers the ability to identify problem, analyze problem, solve problem, and take conclusion correctly.

The effectiveness of Resource-Based Learning Model in English for Islamic Studies Course in Enhancing Critical Thinking Skill

“…It can be concluded that English language resource-based learning with Islamic content to develop the students' critical thinking of Mahad Al-Jamiah Putra UIN Salatiga effectively boosts the critical thinking of students/students. This is consistent with Zamzam (2016), who notes that one of the benefits of a problemsolving and experiential learning-based approach is that it focuses on students' information-processing skills. This information processing relates to how students engage with their surroundings, perceive problems, formulate concepts, and solve them.…”

Problem-based learning approach to improve service skills of badminton in physical education learning

“…Revealed their research that is, investigating the effects of Problem Based Learning (PBL) on preservice teacher performance on conceptual and quantitative problems regarding gas concepts. Analysis of the results of the study showed that students at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang experimental group had better performance on conceptual problems while there were no differences in student performance from quantitative problems [22]. The results of the study are discussed in terms of the effect of PBL on students' conceptual learning.…”

The Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model on Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills of Junior High School Students: A Meta-Analysis Study

“…Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is a learning model oriented to using problems with real-world contexts that can practice critical thinking and problem-solving ability and a comprehensive understanding of a material concept (Arends, 2015;Herman, 2007). PBL can hone critical thinking skills because this model includes steps of activities that require students to carry out discussion, exploration, inquiry, discovery, and problem-solving (Galand et al, 2012;Morales-Mann & Kaitell, 2001;Sunaryo, 2014;Zamzam, 2016). In other words, the learning steps with this PBL model potentially can improve students' mathematical critical thinking skills.…”