Abstrak
Ada banyak faktor yang mmpengaruhi peningkatan produksi cabai, antara lain faktor iklim dan hama. Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan satu dari pusat produksi cabai terbesar di Indonesia. Data runtun waktu sekunder dari Kementerian Perdagangan, Pertanian, dan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) digunakan dalam penelitian. Analisis fluktuasi harga cabai oleh Kementerian Perdagangan. Analisis data yang digunakan menggunakan Coefficient of Variation atau koefisien variasi (KK) harga. Kuantitas konsumsi cabai pada periode 2009-2019 cenderung naik turun. Rata-rata konsumsi cabai adalah 3,71 kg/kapita/tahun. Tingkat tertinggi konsumsi cabai terjadi tahun 2015 yakni 5,92 kg/kapita/tahun, meningkat 33,93% dari periode sebelumnya. Rata-rata harga cabai nasional pada Mei 2016 relatif tinggi, yakni Rp 27.567/kg. Tingkatan harga tersebut berada pada harga dasar ketetapan Kementerian Perdagangan yakni Rp. 28.000,-/kg. Disparitas harga cabai rawit menggambarkan keragaman Harga Nasional setiap bulannya untuk masing-masing komoditas. Terjadinya disparitas harga tentunya sangat dipengaruhi oleh fluktuasi harga musiman yang hampir terjadi setiap tahun dan menimbulkan kepanikan konsumen cabai. Lonjakan harga cabai disebabkan oleh berkurangnya pasokan, sedangkan permintaan konstan setiap hari bahkan cenderung meningkat pada musim-musim tertentu.
Abstract
There are many influencing factors in increasing chili production, including climate factors and pests. West Java province is one of the largest chili production centers in Indonesia. This study uses secondary time series data from the Ministry of Trade, Agriculture, and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). Daily data on chili prices from the Ministry of Trade analyzes price fluctuations. Analysis of the data used uses Coefficient of Variation or coefficient of variation (KK) prices. The quantity of chili consumption in the 2009-2019 period tends to go up and down. The average consumption of chili is 3.71 kg/capita/year. The highest chili consumption rate occurred in 2015, with consumption reaching 5.92 kg/capita/year, increasing 33.93% from the previous period. The national average chili price in May 2016 was relatively high, at IDR 27,567/kg for cayenne pepper. The price level is in the range of the benchmark price set by the Ministry of Trade of Rp. 28.000,-/kg for cayenne pepper. The price disparity of large red chilies and cayenne peppers illustrates the diversity of the National Prices each month for each commodity. The occurrence of price disparities, of course, is strongly influenced by seasonal price fluctuations that almost occur every year and are troubling to chili consumers. The spike in chili prices was caused by reduced supply, while demand was constant every day and even tended to increase in certain seasons