Pengaruh Pendidikan Gizi Berbasis Theory of Planned Behavior untuk Mempromosikan Pembatasan Konsumsi Fast Food pada Siswi

Abstract

ABSTRAKLatarbelakang: Gencarnya promosi fast food menimbulkan persepsi bahwa makanan cepat saji merupakan tren dikalangan remaja. Kebiasaan konsumsi makanan cepat saji yang mempunyai tinggi kalori namun rendah zat gizi menimbulkan masalah gizi lebih dan defisiensi zat gizi mikro pada remaja. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan gizi berbasis Theory of Planned Behavior terhadap perubahan pengetahuan, sikap, norma subyektif, perceived behavioral control, intensi, dan konsumsi membatasi fast food pada siswi di SMA Negeri 2 Sidoarjo. Metode: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode quasy experimental pada 32 siswi (16 siswi kelompok kontrol dan 16 siswi kelompok perlakuan) dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling. Pendidikan gizi berbasis TPB dilakukan selama 4 sesi yiatu sesi sikap, norma subyektif, PBC, dan intensi. Kuesioner penelitian yang digunakan untuk meneliti berbasis TPB. Penilaian dilakukan dua kali, yaitu sebelum dan 3 minggu setelah edukasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, uji Mann Whitney dan Wilcoxon Signed Ranks. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa pendidikan gizi berbasis theory of planned behavior mempengaruhi pengetahuan (p<0,001), sikap (p<0,001), norma subyektif (p<0,002), perceived behavioral control (p<0,001), dan intensi (p<0,001) tetapi tidak mempengaruhi perilaku siswi untuk membatasi fast food (p=0,570). Kesimpulan: Pendidikan gizi berbasis TPB dapat mempengaruhi sikap, norma subyektif, PBC, dan intensi tetapi tidak merubah perilaku membatasi fast food. Dengan demikian maka diperlukan pendidikan gizi yang berkelanjutan agar dapat merubah suatu perilaku pembatasan fast food.

Intention of Nutrition Students in Implementing General Guidelines for Balanced Nutrition

“…Therefore, school-based nutrition education programs will change healthy eating intentions. Likewise the research conducted by Handarbeny (2017), explaining the change in intention in the treatment group is the result of education in the form of discussion, by discussing the respondents feel motivated so that the intention to increase taking balanced nutrition actions 26 .…”

Public Relations Functions for Sugar-Salt-Fat Consumption Control Programs Planning

“…The incessant promotion of fast foods raises the perception that fast food is a trend among adolescents. Nutrition education based on Planned Behavior Theory is proven to influence attitudes, subjective norms, and intensity but does not change the behavior to limit fast foods (Handarbeny, 2017).…”

Validity and reliability of the theory of planned behavior questionnaire on the balanced dietary behavior of adolescents in a post-disaster area

“…The development of dietary behavior mediator questionnaire based on the TPB has been widely conducted in many countries with adolescents from various socio-economic levels of the family as the subject (16,17). In Indonesia, the assessment of dietary behavior mediator with the TPB includes consumption of vegetables and fruit, snacks, and sweet and fatty foods (18). However, to the author's knowledge, no questionnaire has ever been designed to assess the mediators of balanced dietary behavior, especially in post-disaster areas.…”