Peptidomic changes of saliva after non‐surgical treatment of stage I/II generalized periodontitis

Yuan, Chao; Ma, Zhangke; Tong, Peiyuan; Yu, Shunlan; Li, Yang; Gallagher, Jennifer E.; Sun, Xiangyu; Zheng, Shu Guo

doi:10.1111/odi.13838

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…These studies were published between 2009 and 2023 (Table 1). In summary, 13 studies used a case-control approach to identify salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontitis [27,[32][33][34][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47], while 2 studies investigated changes in the salivary proteome of periodontitis patients following non-surgical periodontal treatment [48,49]. S1.…”

Section: Results Of Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NIH quality assessment tool for before-after (pre-post) studies with no control group was used to assess the quality of studies focusing on salivary protein profile changes after periodontal treatment (n = 2) [48,49]. Both studies were rated fair (Table S5), with a total score of 7.…”

Section: Risk-of-bias Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, the seven cohorts that focused on CP employed UWS samples [39][40][41][42]44,45,47], while the remaining four cohorts utilized stimulated whole saliva (SWS) samples [27,33,43,46]. Notably, in the two studies investigating the monitoring of periodontal treatment response, one study used SWS samples [48], while the other used UWS samples [49].…”

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of proteomic platforms, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization tandem time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF) demonstrate exceptional sensitivity, precision, and high-throughput capabilities, making them invaluable tools in identifying salivary biomarkers associated with periodontitis [53]. In this review, LC-MS/MS was the most frequently used untargeted proteomic technique for biomarker discovery, being utilized in eight studies [32][33][34]42,45,46,48,49], while MALDI-TOF/TOF was used in four studies [39,40,44,47]. Beyond label-free proteomics, the isobaric tag for the relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labelling proteomics method was incorporated in one study [27].…”

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the complexity and heterogeneity of periodontitis, it is unlikely that a single biomarker could stand out as a particular 'factor' that is consistently associated with periodontitis or favourable treatment outcomes. At present, only three included papers, two focusing on saliva proteomic of health vs. periodontitis [27,47] and the remaining one looking into salivary proteomic changes before and after periodontal treatment [49], applied the 2018 Periodontal Diseases Classification to their cohorts. Among these, only one study took the initiative to stratify periodontitis into Stage I/II and Stage III/IV [27].…”

Section: Limitations Of Included Studies and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics for Discovering Salivary Biomarkers in Periodontitis: A Systematic Review

Hu,

Leung

2023

IJMS

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Periodontitis is one of the primary causes of tooth loss, and is also related to various systemic diseases. Early detection of this condition is crucial when it comes to preventing further oral damage and the associated health complications. This study offers a systematic review of the literature published up to April 2023, and aims to clearly explain the role of proteomics in identifying salivary biomarkers for periodontitis. Comprehensive searches were conducted on PubMed and Web of Science to shortlist pertinent studies. The inclusion criterion was those that reported on mass spectrometry-driven proteomic analyses of saliva samples from periodontitis cohorts, while those on gingivitis or other oral diseases were excluded. An assessment for risk of bias was carried out using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies or the NIH quality assessment tool, and a meta-analysis was performed for replicable candidate biomarkers, i.e., consistently reported candidate biomarkers (in specific saliva samples, and periodontitis subgroups, reported in ≥2 independent cohorts/reports) were identified. A Gene Ontology enrichment analysis was conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery bioinformatics resources, which consistently expressed candidate biomarkers, to explore the predominant pathway wherein salivary biomarkers consistently manifested. Of the 15 studies included, 13 were case–control studies targeting diagnostic biomarkers for periodontitis participants (periodontally healthy/diseased, n = 342/432), while two focused on biomarkers responsive to periodontal treatment (n = 26 participants). The case–control studies were considered to have a low risk of bias, while the periodontitis treatment studies were deemed fair. Summary estimate and confidence/credible interval, etc. determination for the identified putative salivary biomarkers could not be ascertained due to the low number of studies in each case. The results from the included case–control studies identified nine consistently expressed candidate biomarkers (from nine studies with 230/297 periodontally healthy/diseased participants): (i) those that were upregulated: alpha-amylase, serum albumin, complement C3, neutrophil defensin, profilin-1, and S100-P; and (ii) those that were downregulated: carbonic anhydrase 6, immunoglobulin J chain, and lactoferrin. All putative biomarkers exhibited consistent regulation patterns. The implications of the current putative marker proteins identified were reviewed, with a focus on their potential roles in periodontitis diagnosis and pathogenesis, and as putative therapeutic targets. Although in its early stages, mass spectrometry-based salivary periodontal disease biomarker proteomics detection appeared promising. More mass spectrometry-based proteomics studies, with or without the aid of already available clinical biochemical approaches, are warranted to aid the discovery, identification, and validation of periodontal health/disease indicator molecule(s). Protocol registration number: CRD42023447722; supported by RD-02-202410 and GRF17119917.

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