Perancangan Perahu Nelayan Ramah Lingkungan Menggunakan Motor Listrik Bertenaga Surya

Abstract

Abstrak— Penggerak perahu nelayan secara umum menggunakan mesin tempel yang menggunakan energi fosil (bahan bakar minyak bumi/BBM). Penggunaan BBM semakin banyak, dapat menyebabkan polusi udara. Sejalan dengan ini pemerintah juga mencanangkan hemat BBM dan BBM sudah tidak ada subsidi lagi. Hal ini menyebabkan biaya operasional bagi pengguna mesin tempel perahu nelayan semakin besar. Selain itu mesin perahu nelayan dengan menggunakan BBM dapat menimbulkan suara bising yang merambat ke dalam air laut, sehingga ikan bergerak menjauhi perahu. Hal ini menjadi kendala yang harus dipecahkan. Kendala-kendala ini dapat diantisipasi dengan mengganti mesin tersebut dengan mesin DC. Mesin DC sebagai penggerak perahu menggunakan listrik DC yang di suplai menggunakan baterao sehingga tidak menimbulkan suara bising dan tidak membuat ikan menjauh dari perahu nelayan. Pada penelitian ini akan diterapkan juga sumber listrik ramah lingkungan menggunakan tenaga matahari untuk sumber listrik pengisian baterai motor sehingga penggunaan perahu nelayan dapat lebih lama dan nelayan tidak perlu khawatir kehabisan daya listrik selama panel surya mendapat paparan energy matahari. Perahu nelayan dengan penggerak motor listrik nantinya akan dilengkapi beberapa komponen antara lain 2 buah solar cell 100 WP, 1 buah baterai 100 Ah, dan motor listrik daya 500 watt.Kata kunci: Surya, Motor DC, Energi Terbarukan, Perahu Nelayan.Abstract— The driver of a fishing boat generally uses an outboard engine that uses fossil energy (petroleum / fuel). Increasing use of fuel, can cause air pollution. In line with this, the government has also planned to save fuel and fuel no more subsidies. This causes the operational costs for users of fishing boat outboard engines to increase. In addition, the fishing boat engine using fuel can cause noise that propagates into the sea water, so the fish moves away from the boat. This is an obstacle that must be solved. These obstacles can be anticipated by replacing the engine with a DC engine. The DC engine as a boat driver uses DC electricity which is supplied using batteries so it does not cause noise and does not keep the fish away from the fishing boat. In this research, environmentally friendly electricity sources will also be used using solar energy for motorbike charging, so that the use of fishing boats can be longer and fishermen do not have to worry about running out of electricity as long as solar panels get sun exposure. A fishing boat with an electric motor drive will be equipped with several components including 2 100 WP solar cells, 1 100 Ah battery, and a 500 watt electric motor.Keywords: Solar, DC motors, renewable energy, fishing boats.

The Design of 3 Gt Fishing Vessels Using Dc Electric Power as Driving and Electricity

“…To overcome the problem of electrical energy, with the alternative use of solar panel installations as a provider of electrical energy as a substitute for fuel energy and the previous electrical energy system. In general, all-electric ship research uses the same technology, namely solar panels, batteries, solar charge controllers, and DC motor drives [5,6]. Meanwhile, this study also considers the ship's operation as a constraint so that optimal electrical design will be created.…”

“…Dewantara [5] uses the assumption that sun has effective light for only 3 hours per day. The reality in the field depends on the season and where the ship users live.…”

“…The reality in the field depends on the season and where the ship users live. Then the use of VRLA battery was assumed to use a depth of discharge (DOD) of 100% [5]. It significantly reduce battery life as shown in Figure 1, which caused Dewantara's goal [5] to be not achievable due to frequent replacement of new batteries.…”

“…Then the use of VRLA battery was assumed to use a depth of discharge (DOD) of 100% [5]. It significantly reduce battery life as shown in Figure 1, which caused Dewantara's goal [5] to be not achievable due to frequent replacement of new batteries. Endro [6] found that in full operation of a 15x5 meter passenger ship could use 64 solar panels, assuming 8 hours of sunshine.…”

Rancang Bangun Gyroscope Stabilizer untuk Stabilisasi Perahu

“…Beberapa penerapan teknologi pada transportasi air yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti lain, diantaranya modifikasi badan perahu untuk menggunakan fiberglass [4], penggunaan panel surya pada perahu [5], generator listrik independent [6], robot perahu pembersih sampah [7], sistem informasi perahu berbasis lokasi [8], pemanfaatan energi angin dan surya [9] dan motor penggerak perahu bertenaga surya [10]. Diantara contoh tersebut masih didominasi oleh penerapan teknologi untuk sumber tenaga listrik, dan masih kurang teknologi dalam aspek keselamatan pada perahu.…”