Perceptions of water scarcity: The case of Genadendal and outstations

Noemdoe, S.; Jonker, Lewis; Swatuk, Larry A.

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2006.08.003

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Kistin and Ashton's work on the same river system is important in illustrating the ‘dynamic’ nature of relations among riparian states, warning that formal agreements are no guarantee of mutually beneficial outcomes to the satisfaction of all stakeholders in a basin. Ohlsson and Turton describe the multi‐level stressors (local, national, and regional/transboundary) facing water resource managers, arguing that unequal access founded on poor systems of delivery is a consequence of ‘second‐order scarcity’, meaning that they result not from absolute scarcity of water but of manufactured scarcities due to the structure of the social system . Similar to Homer‐Dixon's general findings, the authors argue that, among other things, adaptive capacity must be developed for conflict to be avoided.…”

Section: The Presence Of Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…As Funder et al correctly state, ‘[W]hile transboundary water conflict and cooperation has been subject to increasing attention in recent years … less is known about the nature of local water conflict and cooperation, especially in terms of quantitative systematic analysis of the characteristics of such events’ . While quantitative systematic analysis is still lacking, there is a great deal of critical scholarship focusing on these issues from a case study perspective wherein questions regarding peace and conflict are set not within the context of scarcity, but within the interrelated contexts of access and equity, or, put differently, ‘manufactured scarcity’ . Articulated by Homer‐Dixon as problems of resource capture and environmental marginalization, the resulting violence is often anomic, unorganized and spontaneous …”

Section: What Is Missing From This Picture?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water conflict and cooperation in Southern Africa

Swatuk

2015

WIREs Water

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The water resources of southern Africa have featured centrally in the global literature on water conflict and cooperation. This scholarship has appeared in two waves: (1) the post-Cold War focus on resource scarcities and the possibility of 'water wars' and (2) the mid-2000s rise of fears surrounding the impact of a changing climate on water resource regimes. The first wave, in the region, ironically resulted in a significant body of scholarship demonstrating the predominance of cooperation rather than conflict. The second wave has served primarily as a spur to better governance and management, and to better integration across the policy making landscape. Running as something of a countercurrent to these dominant trends, is critical scholarship that focuses primarily on water rights and regards conflict as a necessary means to more equitable resource access ends. A key challenge for scholars of water conflict and cooperation across the region is, therefore, to reconcile both theoretically and practically the macro studies of largely transboundary water politics with the micro studies of social struggles for water in urban and rural settings. The article concludes that for a third wave of studies to add value to questions of regional water security, scholars must (1) recognize the simultaneous presence of conflict and cooperation, (2) acknowledge that not all conflict is bad, neither is all cooperation good, (3) approach the analysis more systematically through hard data gathering, and (4) read beyond their disciplines in order to more fully understand the social dynamics of the region.

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Section: The Presence Of Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: What Is Missing From This Picture?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water conflict and cooperation in Southern Africa

Swatuk

2015

WIREs Water

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“…The quality and quantity dimensions of water scarcity constitute major challenges (Molden, 2007;UN, 2007;Noemdoe et al, 2006;Duchin et al, 2012;WWAP, 2012) and pricing of water is among the variety of policy interventions that could be envisaged to address both of these dimensions of scarcity and to enhance water use efficiency (Ortega et al, 1998;Ray, 2002;Molle and Berkoff, 2007;Molle, 2009). Specifically, water pricing is expected to play two important roles; that is, one is financial and another one economic (Dinar and Mody, 2004;Dinar and Saleth, 2005).…”

Section: Water Pricingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valuation of Access to Irrigation Water in Rural Ethiopia: Application of Choice Experiment and Contingent Valuation Methods

Mekonnen

Gebreegziabher

Beyene³

et al. 2019

Water Econs. Policy

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Smallholder farmers in Africa rely heavily on rainfed agriculture. Those who have access to irrigation often receive it at no charge, but quantity, frequency and reliability may be limited without adequate revenue for maintenance and operation. Moreover, the absence of fees means that there are no pricing signals to encourage conservation of this scarce resource. In a situation where farmers do not pay for irrigation water use, this study investigates demand-side issues by eliciting farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for access to irrigation water. This study employs choice experiment (CE) and contingent valuation methods (CVMs) to value access to irrigation water, taking Ethiopia as a case in point. Unlike previous studies, this study covers current users and non-users of irrigation water using the same baseline (status quo) conditions — no irrigation — and compares the preferences of these two groups. The four attributes identified in the CE are number of crop seasons, frequency of watering in a season, crop type, and payment level. Results show that marginal WTP was Birr 17.7 (US$ 0.98), 261.8 (US$ 14.54) and 87.6 (US$ 4.87) for number of crop seasons, watering frequency in a season and crop type, respectively. Our estimates of farmers’ WTP for operation and maintenance of irrigation schemes per hectare of irrigated land range from Birr 738 (US$ 41.00) (from the CE) to Birr 784 (US$ 43.56) (from the CVM). We also find that, compared to current users, non-users were willing to pay more in general, as well as for the number of crop seasons specifically.

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“…(Aurecon, 2012 État des débats sur la production sociale de la pénurie Le cas de la Crocodile River en Afrique du Sud recoupe les débats actuels autour de l'analyse des discours sur la pénurie. Adoptant une approche s'inspirant des travaux de la Political Ecology, nous rejoignons les auteurs qui considèrent la pénurie comme un phénomène avant tout socialement construit et géographiquement et historiquement situé (Kaika, 2003 ;Noemdoe et al, 2006 ;Mehta, 2011 ;Buchs, 2016). K. Bakker (2000) définit ainsi la pénurie qui a touché cette région comme : « real, like nature, narrated, like discourse, and collective, like society ».…”

Section: Une Rivière Sur-utilisée ?unclassified

Gérer ou gouverner la ressource en eau ? Modélisation en temps réel et gestion de la pénurie au sein de la rivière Crocodile (Afrique du Sud)

Bourblanc¹,

Blanchon²

2017

Nat. Sci. Soc.

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Gérer ou gouverner la ressource en eau ? Modélisation en temps réel et gestion de la pénurie au sein de la rivière Crocodile (Afrique du Sud)Magalie Bourblanc 1,a,* et David Blanchon 2 1 Politiste, Cirad, UMR G-EAU, Montpellier, France 2 Géographe, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre, Faculté de Géographie, Nanterre, France Reçu le 1 er mars 2016. Accepté le 6 avril 2017Cet article s'intéresse à la pénurie en eau et aux instruments appliqués pour traiter de cet enjeu sur la rivière Crocodile en Afrique du Sud. Le texte s'inscrit dans la perspective d'une construction sociale de la pénurie, en mettant en évidence la manière dont différents dispositifs sociotechniques de gestion de la pénurie se transforment en instruments de gouvernement, suivant les objectifs politiques qui leurs sont assignés. Les auteurs montrent que loin de remédier aux problèmes pour lesquels ils ont été définis, certains de ces dispositifs pérennisent des inégalités dans l'accès aux ressources et renforcent le statu quo. Au-delà du contexte sud-africain, ce texte permet de souligner la prédominance d'une vision ingénériale dans le domaine de la gestion de l'eau, qui, malgré les tentatives pour mettre au point des modèles censés objectiver la gestion en temps réel et le calcul des débits environnementaux, n'en demeure pas moins tributaire de données lacunaires et de contraintes politiques fortes avec lesquelles elle doit composer. La RédactionRésumé -Nous analysons dans cet article trois dispositifs sociotechniques de gestion de la pénurie en eau mis en oeuvre sur la rivière Crocodile en Afrique du Sud : un processus de réallocation de la ressource (compulsory licensing), un modèle informatisé de gestion en temps réel et une détermination plus précise du débit environnemental. Cette analyse est l'occasion de mettre en évidence à quel point ces dispositifs sociotechniques, loin de se contenter de gérer, d'un point de vue purement technique, la ressource en eau, se sont transformés en instruments de gouvernement de celle-ci, neutralisant certaines dispositions réglementaires et certains objectifs de politiques publiques au coeur de l'agenda de transformation du pays. En outre, nous démontrons que cette pénurie est tout autant sinon plus un construit, découlant des choix de gestion, qu'une réelle fatalité sur la Crocodile.Mots-clés : environnement / gouvernance / dispositifs sociotechniques / pénurie en eau / Afrique du Sud Abstract -Managing or governing water resources? Real-time model and the management of the scarcity on the Crocodile River (South Africa). In this article we analyse three sociotechnical devices that have been implemented to deal with water scarcity on the Crocodile River (South Africa): a resource re-allocation and redistribution process called "compulsory licensing", a computerised real-time management model and the operationalisation of environmental flows on a monthly and even daily basis. Our analysis highlights the extent to which such sociotechnical devices, far from managing water resources from a purely technical perspe...

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Perceptions of water scarcity: The case of Genadendal and outstations

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Water conflict and cooperation in Southern Africa

Water conflict and cooperation in Southern Africa

Valuation of Access to Irrigation Water in Rural Ethiopia: Application of Choice Experiment and Contingent Valuation Methods

Gérer ou gouverner la ressource en eau ? Modélisation en temps réel et gestion de la pénurie au sein de la rivière Crocodile (Afrique du Sud)

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