Performance assessment of CsI(Tl) screens on various substrates for X-ray imaging

Abstract

Thallium-doped cesium iodide (CsI(Tl)) screens are widely used in X-ray imaging devices because of the columnar structure of CsI(Tl) layer, but few reports focus on the optical role of the substrate in the screen system. In this paper, four substrates including fused silica (SiO2), silver-film coated SiO2, graphite (C) and fiber optic plate (FOP) are used to fabricate CsI(Tl) screens by thermal evaporation. Their imaging performance is evaluated by relative light output (RLO), modulation transfer function (MTF), normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) and noise equivalent quanta (NEQ). The results reveal that although CsI(Tl) film on graphite plate yields images with the lowest light output, it presents relatively higher spatial resolution and better signal-to-noise characteristics. However, films on SiO2 plate obtain low MTF but high NNPS curves, whether or not coated with silver film. Furthermore, scintillation screens on FOP have bright images with low NNPS and high NEQ, but have the lowest MTF. By controlling the substrate optical features, CsI(Tl) films can be tailed to suit a given application.

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Constraints on real scalar inflation from preheating using LATTICEEASY*

“…[33]. Reheating involves a preheating process during the early stages, as described in works such as [29,30,[34][35][36][37]. The preheating phase is crucial as it enables the efficient transfer of energy from the inflaton field to the coupled fields.…”

Red‐Emitting Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Manganese(II) Halides for X‐Ray Imaging

“…[ 1–3 ] Scintillators, which can convert high‐energy X‐ray photons into low‐energy visible light, are the core component in the mainstream X‐ray indirect‐detection system. [ 4–6 ] Traditional X‐ray scintillators, such as CsI:Tl crystals/films, [ 7–9 ] Gd 2 O 2 S:Tb ceramics, [ 10,11 ] and CdWO 4 single crystals, [ 12 ] enjoy high light yields, however suffer from toxicity, long afterglow, complex preparation process, and high costs. In recent years, lead‐based halides have shown great potentials as X‐ray scintillators due to their large X‐ray absorption coefficient and high luminescence efficiency.…”

“…[1][2][3] Scintillators, which can convert high-energy X-ray photons into low-energy visible light, are the core component in the mainstream Xray indirect-detection system. [4][5][6] Traditional X-ray scintillators, such as CsI:Tl crystals/films, [7][8][9] Gd 2 O 2 S:Tb ceramics, [10,11] and…”