Persistent luminescence phenomena in materials doped with rare earth ions

Aitasalo, T.; Dereń, P.J.; Hölsä, Jorma; Jungner, H.; Krupa, J.C.; Lastusaari, Mika; Legendziewicz, J.; Niittykoski, Janne; Stręk, W.

doi:10.1016/s0022-4596(02)00194-9

Cited by 475 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Compared to previous reports, 6,41,63 the maximum of the glow peak is located at a rather high temperature (470 vs 420 K). Possibly, this is due to the alternative preparation technique of the sample, and it could be an explanation for the improved afterglow lifetime of the sample compared to a benchmark CaAl 2 O 4 :Eu,Nd persistent phosphor, as reported previously.…”

Section: Thermoluminescence Experimentscontrasting

confidence: 78%

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Revealing trap depth distributions in persistent phosphors

et al. 2013

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Persistent luminescence or afterglow is caused by a gradual release of charge carriers from trapping centers. The energy needed to release these charge carriers is determined by the trap depths. Knowledge of these trap depths is therefore crucial in the understanding of the persistent luminescence mechanism. Unfortunately, the trap depths in persistent phosphors are often difficult to evaluate in an accurate and reliable way. The existing analysis methods are mostly based on single experiments, or they ignore the possibility of a continuous distribution of trap depths. We present a procedure to accurately probe the activation energies, even in the presence of a continuous distribution of energy levels. By performing a series of thermoluminescence experiments with varying excitation duration and at varying excitation temperature, and employing the initial rise analysis method, the depth and shape of such a distribution can be estimated. As an example, we investigated the trap system in the violet persistent phosphor CaAl 2 O 4 :Eu,Nd, and show that it consists of a Gaussian-shaped distribution of trap depths. The maximal density of traps lies in the region around 0.9 eV, but the distribution extends to 0.7 eV on the shallow side and 1.2 eV on the deep side. The described procedure can be used to obtain a clear view of the trap system in other persistent phosphors as well. This can lead to a better understanding of the nature of these trapping centers, and the role they play in the persistent luminescent mechanism.

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Section: Thermoluminescence Experimentscontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…For this reason, CaAl 2 O 4 :Eu is often chosen as a standard material for persistent luminescence investigations. 41,52,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63] …”

Section: Trap Depth Distribution In Caal 2 O 4 :Eundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing trap depth distributions in persistent phosphors

et al. 2013

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“…This kind of materials have been widely studied since their optical properties are strongly correlated to the structural effects and could be related to a variety of different types of photophysical phenomena [5,6]. The persistent luminescence materials are inserted in this context with a wide variety of applications, such as emergency lighting [7] and even medical diagnostics [8,9]. The most studied persistent luminescence materials are doped with rare earth ions [10][11][12], but the rare earth precursors are now suffering from high prices and new alternatives are needed to comply with this problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of titanium and lutetium on the persistent luminescence of ZrO_2

Carvalho¹,

Rodrigues²,

Hölsä³

et al. 2012

Opt. Mater. Express

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Non-doped as well as titanium and lutetium doped zirconia (ZrO 2 ) materials were synthesized via the sol-gel method and structurally characterized with X-ray powder diffraction. The addition of Ti in the zirconia lattice does not change the crystalline structure whilst the Lu doping introduces a small fraction of the tetragonal phase. The UV excitation results in a bright white-blue luminescence at ca. 500 nm for all the materials which emission could be assigned to the Ti 3+ e g  t 2g transition. The persistent luminescence originates from the same Ti 3+ center. The thermoluminescence data shows a well-defined though rather similar defect structures for all the zirconia materials. The kinetics of persistent luminescence was probed with the isothermal decay curve analyses which indicated significant retrapping. The short duration of persistent luminescence was attributed to the quasi-continuum distribution of the traps and to the possibility of shallow traps even below the room temperature. 1076-1078 (2000). 13. R. C. Garvie, R. H. Hannink, and R. T. Pascoe, "Ceramics steel," Nature 258(5537), 703-704 (1975)

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“…Depending on the proposed mechanism, they play an active role in the persistent luminescent process (i.e. they participate in the mechanism with changes in their number of oxidation), or they just emit light through a controlled and slow ET from the host material [281,282]. The most common matrices used for persistent luminescent materials are based on silicate, aluminate, gallogermanate and gallates [47,118,119,123,283,284].…”

Section: Luminescent Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth based nanostructured materials: synthesis, functionalization, properties and bioimaging and biosensing applications

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Rare earth based nanostructures constitute a type of functional materials widely used and studied in the recent literature. The purpose of this review is to provide a general and comprehensive overview of the current state of the art, with special focus on the commonly employed synthesis methods and functionalization strategies of rare earth based nanoparticles and on their different bioimaging and biosensing applications. The luminescent (including downconversion, upconversion and permanent luminescence) and magnetic properties of rare earth based nanoparticles, as well as their ability to absorb X-rays, will also be explained and connected with their luminescent, magnetic resonance and X-ray computed tomography bioimaging applications, respectively. This review is not only restricted to nanoparticles, and recent advances reported for in other nanostructures containing rare earths, such as metal organic frameworks and lanthanide complexes conjugated with biological structures, will also be commented on.

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Persistent luminescence phenomena in materials doped with rare earth ions

Cited by 475 publications

References 42 publications

Revealing trap depth distributions in persistent phosphors

Revealing trap depth distributions in persistent phosphors

Influence of titanium and lutetium on the persistent luminescence of ZrO_2

Rare earth based nanostructured materials: synthesis, functionalization, properties and bioimaging and biosensing applications

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