Personality and Demographic Characteristics of Dropouts and Completers in a Nonhospital Residential Alcohol Treatment Program

Pekarik, Gene; Jones, Donald L.; Blodgett, Christopher

doi:10.3109/10826088609063443

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Early work from Beck et al (1983) found that a diagnosis of personality disorder was associated with discharges against medical advice from alcohol and drug in-patient treatment. Elsewhere, high Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) psychopathic deviant scores and sociopathic diagnoses have been reported as more common among drop-outs from alcohol treatment (Pekarik et al, 1986). Similarly, in the present study, having a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder or antisocial personality disorder was significantly and independently associated with a UPD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Unplanned Versus Planned Discharges From in-Patient Alcohol Detoxification: Retrospective Analysis of 470 First-Episode Admissions

Martı́nez-Raga

Marshall

Keaney³

et al. 2002

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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Failure to complete treatment during alcohol detoxification is a major complication of effective clinical management. We determined the socio-demographic characteristics, the pattern of alcohol and drug use, the hepatitis C status and the psychiatric state of these patients, using retrospective data on 470 first admissions to a specialist alcohol in-patient unit. The 316 patients (67.2%) who had a planned discharge (PD group) were compared with the 154 patients (32.8%) who had unplanned discharges (UPD group). Patients in the UPD group were younger on admission, had higher Alcohol Problems Questionnaire scores, had started to drink heavily at a younger age, were more likely to have previously used cocaine, amphetamines and heroin, and to have smoked cannabis in the 30 days prior to admission. They were more likely to be positive for markers of hepatitis C infection, to have a borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, or to have concurrent opiate or benzodiazepine dependence. PD was associated with depressive disorder. Early identification can be made of alcohol-dependent individuals at risk of premature drop-out during in-patient treatment. Interventions to retain patients at risk of premature UPD should be developed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Unplanned Versus Planned Discharges From in-Patient Alcohol Detoxification: Retrospective Analysis of 470 First-Episode Admissions

Martı́nez-Raga

Marshall

Keaney³

et al. 2002

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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“…Therefore, if the physical and mental health of the patients is checked as confounding factors, a long stay on the locked ward could be interpreted as an indication of noncompliance with transfer to intensive treatment. Predictive factors in abscondings accord with previous results (Aspinall, 1994;Baekeland & Lundwall, 1977;Beckman & Bardsley, 1986;Blomqvist, 1991;Craig, 1984;Falkowski et al, 1990;Joseph & Potter, 1993;Ogunlesi & Adamson, 1992;Pekarik et al, 1986;Ravndal & Vaglum, 1991;Schwarz, 1984;Smart & Gray, 1978;Tomison, 1989;Ojehagen, 1988). According to the literature, dropout and abscondence occur more often among young single patients with long treatment periods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The findings on attrition of voluntary alcoholism treatment have been similar. Dropouts are reported to be younger, with an earlier onset of abuse and more severe alcohol dependence, more marital problems, lower socioeconomic status and more arrests by the police (Baekeland & Lundwall, 1977;Beckman & Bardsley, 1986;Blomqvist, 1991;Craig, 1984;Pekarik et a]., 1986;Raviidal & Vaglum, 1991;Schwarz, 1984;Smart & Gray, 1978;Ojehagen, 1988). Dropout from a coercive alcoholism treatment setting was related to young age, high and low education (not medium), compulsory commitment, drug addiction, early onset of abuse, no periods "on the wagon" or very long, previous inpatient treatment for alcoholism, previous dropout of treatment, criminal record and lack of regular work (Gerdner et al, 1991(Gerdner et al, , 1992.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Abscondence and duration of treatment of compulsorily committed alcoholics on a locked ward: effects of changes in the treatment program and the law

Gerdner

Furuholm²,

Berglund

1997

Scand J Soc Welf

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The study concerns 124 alcoholics compulsorily committed to a locked ward at Runnagården, a coercive treatment setting in mid‐Sweden. Three groups are compared: 57 patients were admitted before and 29 were admitted after the implementation of an introductory Alcoholics Anonymous‐oriented program on the ward. Another 38 patients were admitted after the changes in legislation, which resulted in a longer duration of compulsory care. The groups were compared as to the number of days spent on the locked unit and the number of times they absconded. With the implementation of the program, a significant reduction was observed in the time needed on the locked ward, while the number of abscondence incidents showed a weaker tendency to decrease. After the legislative changes were made, the same factors increased. Multivariate regression was used to check confounding background factors. In conclusion, the introduction of an Alcoholics Anonymous‐oriented program in a coercive treatment setting reduced the time spent on a locked ward without increasing the number of times patients absconded. Increase in length of coercion increased both the time spent at the locked ward and the number of times absconded.

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“…zu kompensieren. Ein direkter Einfluss psychiatrischer Komorbidität auf diesen Effekt (insbesondere im Bereich der Persçnlichkeitsstçrungen) wird durch unsere Befunde nicht nahegelegt [5,10,11]. Einschränkend muss hierbei jedoch berücksichtigt werden, dass die psychiatrische Komorbidität in der vorliegenden Untersuchung lediglich retrospektiv und nicht standardisiert erhoben wurde.…”

Section: Logistische Regressionsanalyseunclassified

Determinanten eines Therapieabbruchs während der stationären qualifizierten Entgiftungsbehandlung bei Patienten mit Alkohol- und Drogenabhängigkeit

Schröder²,

Gruschka³

et al. 2008

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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Unplanned and premature discharge from in-patient alcohol or drug detoxification is a common and severe problem in the treatment of substance abuse. So far, most of the relevant studies focused on drug detoxification, whereas only few studies also investigated alcohol detoxification. The aim of the present study was to comparatively identify and analyse determinants of unplanned discharge during in-patient treatment in both diagnostic groups which simultaneously underwent detoxification under the same treatment setting. Subjects were 239 consecutive admissions (alcohol: n = 90; illegal drugs: n = 149) to a specialised qualified detoxification unit at the Psychiatric University Hospital of Heidelberg during the year 2000. Data on sociodemographical and psychosocial variables, medical history, psychopathological findings on admission and presence of psychiatric and/or somatic comorbidity as well as intensity level of withdrawal symptoms were collected retrospectively and analysed with respect to the prediction of planned/unplanned discharge. The high overall rates of unplanned discharge (alcohol: 43.3 % and drugs 62.4 %) confirm the previously reported figures. Treatment success of drug patients was rather affected by sociodemographical and psychosocial factors such as level of education, delinquency, unemployment and hepatitis C diagnosis. Relating to alcohol patients psychopathological findings on admission including orientation, affective state and cognition were most relevant for planned discharge. Furthermore, the results of this study underline the central role of motivation during in-patient treatment as well as the importance of a planned treatment continuation after discharge from the detoxification program.

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Personality and Demographic Characteristics of Dropouts and Completers in a Nonhospital Residential Alcohol Treatment Program

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Unplanned Versus Planned Discharges From in-Patient Alcohol Detoxification: Retrospective Analysis of 470 First-Episode Admissions

Unplanned Versus Planned Discharges From in-Patient Alcohol Detoxification: Retrospective Analysis of 470 First-Episode Admissions

Abscondence and duration of treatment of compulsorily committed alcoholics on a locked ward: effects of changes in the treatment program and the law

Determinanten eines Therapieabbruchs während der stationären qualifizierten Entgiftungsbehandlung bei Patienten mit Alkohol- und Drogenabhängigkeit

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