Pesticide residues in rain water from Hisar, India

Abstract

Presence of pesticide residues was studied in rain water during 2002 employing multi residue analysis method by gas liquid chromatography equipped with ECD and NPD detectors and capillary columns. The presence of pesticide residues in surface aquatic system triggered the investigation of the presence of pesticides in rain water. A total of 13 pesticides were detected in rain water samples. Among the different groups of pesticides, organochlorines were present in the range of 0.041-7.060 ppb with maximum concentration of p,p'-DDT up to 7.060 microg l(-1). Synthetic pyrethroids were present ranging from 0.100 to 1.000 microg l(-1) and organophosphates in the range of 0.050-4.000 microg l(-1) showing maximum contamination with cypermethrin (1.000 microg l(-1)) and monocrotophos (4.000 microg l(-1)) of the respective groups. Almost 80% samples showed the residues above MRL of 0.5 ppb fixed for multi residues and on the basis of single pesticide, 16-50% samples contained residues above the MRL value of 0.1 ppb.

Monocrotophos pesticide modulates the expression of sexual differentiation genes and causes phenotypic feminization in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

“…Consequently, high levels of pesticide residue have been detected in rain water, shallow groundwater, and even source water. For instance, 4 μg/L and 0.165 μg/L MCP were detected in rain water in India and in source water in China, respectively (Kang and Zhang, 2000;Kumari et al, 2007), and the presence of MCP in the shallow groundwater of four intensive cotton-growing districts in Pakistan, with the highest detected concentration of 8.3 μg/L (Tariq et al, 2004). We provide evidence for the effect of the MCP pesticide on sex ratio, as well as on several genes involved in sexual differentiation of zebrafish.…”

Pesticide residue in water—a challenging task in India

“…Although rainwater can provide clean, safe, and reliable water, this source has also been reported to be contaminated (Charizopoulos and Mourkidou 1998;Dua et al 1994;Pearce et al 1978;Sakai 2002;kumari et al 2007).…”

“…Twelve rainwater samples were collected during February, July, and August 2002. Fifteen OCs, four SPs, and seven OPs were selected to monitor the possible contamination of rainwater as these chemicals are frequently used in agricultural practices of Hisar, Haryana (Kumari et al 2007). Among OCs, HCH varied from 0.090 to 0.410 μg/l with the presence of gama HCH in all the samples.…”

Suitability of cytotoxicity endpoints and test microalgal species to disclose the toxic effect of common aquatic pollutants

“…The widespread use of pesticides has led to these substances be ubiquitous in aquatic environments (Eullaffroy and Vernet, 2003;Kumari et al, 2007). Metals are also major pollutants of aquatic ecosystems, mainly due to disposal of industrial effluents or mining activity (Franklin et al, 2000;Pan and Wang, 2012).…”