Pesticides Residue in Milk and Milk Products: Mini Review

Abstract

Livestock is an important sub-sector of agriculture that plays a key role in economy of a country by contributing to GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and in total export. Pakistan is the 5 th largest milk producer in the world with a total milk production of about 46.44 billion liters per anum. Almost 68% milk is produced by buffalo and 27% by cow. Pesticides used in agriculture sector may transfer to animal bodies through feed and fodder. A pesticide found in water is another source of residues in milk through drinking water. External control of parasites on animal body, insect control in cattle yard and sheds are direct sources of pesticides exposure for dairy animals. Due to its nutritional and supplementary value, milk is being consumed by people of different age groups therefore, issue of pesticide residues attain the immediate attention of researcher. Pesticide residues levels in raw dairy milk are discussed here in few selected developing and developed countries. It is concluded that human health is associated with exposure to organo phosphorus (OPPs), organo chlorine pesticide (OCPs), pyrethroids and carbamate (CB) pesticides via milk or milk products and this issue deserve more attention. Different classes of pesticides OPPs, OCPs, pyrethroids and CBs etc. were reported in raw dairy milk in different countries and also in Pakistan. The results of this review demonstrate the need to establish pesticide residue monitoring programs for milk analysis for human consumption to improve food safety and decrease exposure risks to consumers.

Pesticide Residues in Buffalo and Human Breast Milk of Vegetables and Fruits Farming Community at Northern of Delta in Egypt

“…The general finding pattern in the present survey is almost similar (but at lower levels) as showed for the other previous studies as in Egypt and Libya [13,21] as well as the reviewed data mentioned and reported [22]. For the other milk types (e.g.…”

Pesticide Residues in Botanics Used In Feed Additives: Focusing On Wild vs. Cultivable Plants

“…Therefore, human beings may be chronically exposed to these persistent substances through dietary intake. Obviously, pesticides are known to cause a wide range of toxic effects and are potential source of severe health risks [15]. Many authors have already revealed the presence of such pesticides in animal products although more in developing countries [5] and [15].…”

“…Obviously, pesticides are known to cause a wide range of toxic effects and are potential source of severe health risks [15]. Many authors have already revealed the presence of such pesticides in animal products although more in developing countries [5] and [15]. However, that doesn't mean additives are the main route of contamination but it should not be excluded as it was less documented so far.…”

Pesticide residues in botanics used in feed additives: focusing on wild vs cultivable plants

“…Therefore, human beings may be chronically exposed to these persistent substances through dietary intake. Obviously, pesticides are known to cause a wide range of toxic effects and are potential source of severe health risks [23]. Many authors have already revealed the presence of such pesticides in animal products although more in developing countries [9] and [23].…”

“…Obviously, pesticides are known to cause a wide range of toxic effects and are potential source of severe health risks [23]. Many authors have already revealed the presence of such pesticides in animal products although more in developing countries [9] and [23]. However, that doesn't mean additives are the main route of contamination but it should not be excluded as it was less documented so far.…”