PET/MRI of atherosclerosis

Aizaz, Mueez; Moonen, Rik P. M.; Pol, Jochem A. J. van der; Prieto, Claudia; Botnar, René M.; Kooi, M. Eline

doi:10.21037/cdt.2020.02.09

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 167 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…MRI is a noninvasive imaging technology owing to its 3D structure and excellent soft tissue resolution. [ 24 ] Here, MRI T1 imaging of PFP–HMME@PLGA/MnFe 2 O 4 –Ram NPs was systematically investigated. As shown in Figure 5 A , the brightness of transverse MRI contrast images of PFP–HMME@PLGA/MnFe 2 O 4 –Ram filled in Eppendorf (EP) tubes increased with an increase in the input volume of MnFe 2 O 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MRI is a noninvasive imaging technology owing to its 3D structure and excellent soft tissue resolution. [24] Here, MRI T1 imaging MRI performance was further assessed in plaque-bearing rabbits. After intravenous injection of PFP-HMME@PLGA/ MnFe 2 O 4 -Ram NPs (1 mg mL −1 , 50 mL, Fe + Mn: 269.7 mg L −1 ), an obvious bright effect was observed in the plaque region, where the signal peaked at 90 min postinjection.…”

Section: In Vitro and In Vivo Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Low‐Intensity Focused Ultrasound‐Responsive Ferrite‐Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Atherosclerotic Plaque Neovascularization Theranostics

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pathological angiogenesis is a crucial factor that causes atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Sinoporphyrin sodium-mediated sonodynamic therapy (DVDMS-SDT) induces regression of plaque neovascularization in humans without causing obvious side effects. However, a clinical noninvasive theranostic strategy for atherosclerotic plaque neovascularization is urgently needed. A nanoplatform designed for multimodality imaging-guided SDT in plaque angiogenesis theranostics, termed PFP-HMME@PLGA/ MnFe 2 O 4 -ramucirumab nanoparticles (PHPMR NPs), is fabricated. It encapsulates manganese ferrite (MnFe 2 O 4 ), hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME), and perfluoropentane (PFP) stabilized by polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA) shells and is conjugated to an anti-VEGFR-2 antibody. With excellent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/photoacoustic/ ultrasound imaging ability, the distribution of PHPMR NPs in plaque can be observed in real time. Additionally, they actively accumulate in the mitochondria of rabbit aortic endothelial cells (RAECs), and the PHPMR NP-mediated SDT promotes mitochondrial-caspase apoptosis via the production of reactive oxygen species and inhibits the proliferation, migration, and tubulogenesis of RAECs. On day 3, PHPMR NP-mediated SDT induces apoptosis in neovessel endothelial cells and improves hypoxia in the rabbit advanced plaque. On day 28, PHPMR NP-mediated SDT reduces the density of neovessels, subsequently inhibiting intraplaque hemorrhage and inflammation and eventually stabilizing the plaque. Collectively, PHPMR NP-mediated SDT presents a safe and effective theranostic strategy for inhibiting plaque angiogenesis.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro and In Vivo Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Intensity Focused Ultrasound‐Responsive Ferrite‐Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Atherosclerotic Plaque Neovascularization Theranostics

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Non-invasive modalities to visualize the carotid plaque are ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (17)(18)(19)(20). Ultrasonography and CT are unable to reliably differentiate the LRNC from IPH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Role of Carotid MRI for Personalized Ischemic Stroke Risk Prediction in Patients With Carotid Artery Stenosis

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rupture of a vulnerable carotid plaque is an important cause of ischemic stroke. Prediction models can support medical decision-making by estimating individual probabilities of future events, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide detailed information on plaque vulnerability. In this review, prediction models for medium to long-term (>90 days) prediction of recurrent ischemic stroke among patients on best medical treatment for carotid stenosis are evaluated, and the emerging role of MRI of the carotid plaque for personalized ischemic stroke prediction is discussed. A systematic search identified two models; the European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) medical model, and the Symptomatic Carotid Atheroma Inflammation Lumen stenosis (SCAIL) score. We critically appraised these models by means of criteria derived from the CHARMS (CHecklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modeling Studies) and PROBAST (Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool). We found both models to be at high risk of bias. The ECST model, the most widely used model, was derived from data of large but relatively old trials (1980s and 1990s), not reflecting lower risks of ischemic stroke resulting from improvements in drug treatment (e.g., statins and anti-platelet therapy). The SCAIL model, based on the degree of stenosis and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT)-based plaque inflammation, was derived and externally validated in limited samples. Clinical implementation of the SCAIL model can be challenging due to high costs and low accessibility of PET/CT. MRI is a more readily available, lower-cost modality that has been extensively validated to visualize all the hallmarks of plaque vulnerability. The MRI methods to identify the different plaque features are described. Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), a lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), and a thin or ruptured fibrous cap (TRFC) on MRI have shown to strongly predict stroke in meta-analyses. To improve personalized risk prediction, carotid plaque features should be included in prediction models. Prediction of stroke in patients with carotid stenosis needs modernization, and carotid MRI has potential in providing strong predictors for that goal.

show abstract

“…The current study was designed as a pilot study and therefore lacked the statistical power to establish significant correlations between 18 F-FDG and plaque components. The group size was comparable to the number of participants in a majority of other PET/MR studies of carotid plaque 37 , but too small to draw definitive conclusions about the relationship between clinical events and 18 F-FDG uptake values. However, the clinical events in our patient group still merit consideration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

18Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in relation to fat fraction and R2* in atherosclerotic plaques, using PET/MRI: a pilot study

Good

Ochoa-Figueroa

Ziegler

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inflammation inside Atherosclerotic plaques represents a major pathophysiological process driving plaques towards rupture. Pre-clinical studies suggest a relationship between lipid rich necrotic core, intraplaque hemorrhage and inflammation, not previously explored in patients. Therefore, we designed a pilot study to investigate the feasibility of assessing the relationship between these plaque features in a quantitative manner using PET/MRI. In 12 patients with high-grade carotid stenosis the extent of lipid rich necrotic core and intraplaque hemorrhage was quantified from fat and R2* maps acquired with a previously validated 4-point Dixon MRI sequence in a stand-alone MRI. PET/MRI was used to measure 18F-FDG uptake. T1-weighted images from both scanners were used for registration of the quantitative Dixon data with the PET images. The plaques were heterogenous with respect to their volumes and composition. The mean values for the group were as follows: fat fraction (FF) 0.17% (± 0.07), R2* 47.6 s−1 (± 10.9) and target-to-blood pool ratio (TBR) 1.49 (± 0.48). At group level the correlation between TBR and FFmean was − 0.406, p 0.19 and for TBR and R2*mean 0.259, p 0.42. The lack of correlation persisted when analysed on a patient-by-patient basis but the study was not powered to draw definitive conclusions. We show the feasibility of analysing the quantitative relationship between lipid rich necrotic cores, intraplaque haemorrhage and plaque inflammation. The 18F-FDG uptake for most patients was low. This may reflect the biological complexity of the plaques and technical aspects inherent to 18F-FDG measurements.Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN30673005. Registered 05 January 2021, retrospectively registered.

show abstract

PET/MRI of atherosclerosis

Cited by 23 publications

References 167 publications

Low‐Intensity Focused Ultrasound‐Responsive Ferrite‐Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Atherosclerotic Plaque Neovascularization Theranostics

Low‐Intensity Focused Ultrasound‐Responsive Ferrite‐Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Atherosclerotic Plaque Neovascularization Theranostics

Emerging Role of Carotid MRI for Personalized Ischemic Stroke Risk Prediction in Patients With Carotid Artery Stenosis

18Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in relation to fat fraction and R2* in atherosclerotic plaques, using PET/MRI: a pilot study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About