pH responsive tragacanth gum and poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride)-g-poly(caprolactone) conetwork microgel for in vitro quercetin release

Synthesis of nanohydrogels based on tragacanth gum biopolymer and investigation of swelling and drug delivery

“…Tragacanth gum (TG)is a highly branched heterogeneous polysaccharide and consists of two fractions named as tragacanthic acid and arabinogalactan [11]. TG is the most viscous of natural plant gum, is extracting as a dried exudation from the stems and branches of Astragalusgummifer, is highly hydrophilic, nontoxic, biocompatible, has outstanding structural stability to heat, acidity, and aging, and safe for oral intake and medicinally imported polysaccharide [12,13]. The hydroxyl units of TG provide the reactive sites for modification and cross-linking reactions.…”

“…1ashows absorption band in the region of 3100-3700 cm −1 related to the stretching vibration of OH groups, absorption bands at 1727 cm −1 (νC=O, assigned to C−OH deformation vibration with contribution of C−O−C symmetric stretching vibration of carboxylate group[13]. FT-IR spectra of TGAP and TGAP-GDE,Fig.…”

Synthesis and characterization of pH-responsive nanohydrogels as biocompatible drug carriers based on chemically modified tragacanth gum polysaccharide

“…After the cross-linking reaction, due to the loss of conjugation of the ester groups, the C=O stretching band shifted from 1720 to 1735 cm −1 , which indicated the occurrence of the cross-linking reaction 17,18. The absorption bands at 1748 and 1630 cm -1 in TG spectrum are related to stretching vibrations of C=O groups of ester and carboxylic acid, respectively.…”

“…3,9,10 Moreover, hydrogels have several additive characteristics that make them excellent drug delivery vehicles: (1) They are convenient, biocompatible, and stable drug delivery systems for molecules as small as non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or as large as proteins and peptides, 11 (2) many polymers used in hydrogel preparations such as PAA, PHEMA, PEG, and PVA with mucoadhesive and bioadhesive characteristics enhance drug residence time and tissue permeability, 12,13 and (3) the adhesive property can help enhance site-specific binding to specific regions, such as the colon, nose, and vagina. [18][19][20][21] Natural hydrophilic tragacanth gum (TG) with unique physical, chemical and also biological properties such as non-toxicity, stability over wide pH range, biocompatibility, eco-friendliness and safety for oral intake can be introduced as a future device for biomedical applications and tissue engineering. 15,16 Several natural polymers such as those found in diet, due to this fact that they are more available and more susceptible to microbial biodegradation, are preferred over synthetic materials for colonic drug delivery.…”

“…15,16 Several natural polymers such as those found in diet, due to this fact that they are more available and more susceptible to microbial biodegradation, are preferred over synthetic materials for colonic drug delivery. 18,24 Quercetin (3,3,4,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone), a potent anticancer drug, is a dietary flavonoid present in vegetables, fruits, seeds, nuts, tea, and red wine with potential chemoprotective effects. [18][19][20][21] Natural hydrophilic tragacanth gum (TG) with unique physical, chemical and also biological properties such as non-toxicity, stability over wide pH range, biocompatibility, eco-friendliness and safety for oral intake can be introduced as a future device for biomedical applications and tissue engineering.…”