Phantom flashbulbs: False recollections of hearing the news about <i>Challenger</i>

Neisser, Ulric; Harsch, Nicole

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511664069.003

Cited by 439 publications

(527 citation statements)

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“…Memories of events like these can become ''flashbulb memories'' (Brown & Kulik, 1977;Conway, 1995), where individuals maintain longstanding vivid (but not necessarily accurate) memories of hearing about the event (e.g., for flashbulb memory studies of the Challenger space shuttle disaster, of the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, and of 9/11; see Curci & Luminet, 2006;Kvavilashvili, Mirani, Schlagman, & Kornbrot, 2003;Neisser & Harsch, 1992). Such events are experienced both individually and socially, and are remembered both individually and socially.…”

Section: Collaborative Flashbulb Memories Of the Death Of Steve Irwinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual and empirical framework for the social distribution of cognition: The case of memory

Barnier

Sutton

Harris

et al. 2008

Cognitive Systems Research

160

138

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In this paper, we aim to show that the framework of embedded, distributed, or extended cognition offers new perspectives on social cognition by applying it to one specific domain: the psychology of memory. In making our case, first we specify some key social dimensions of cognitive distribution and some basic distinctions between memory cases, and then describe stronger and weaker versions of distributed remembering in the general distributed cognition framework. Next, we examine studies of social influences on memory in cognitive psychology, and identify the valuable concepts and methods to be extended and embedded in our framework; we focus in particular on three related paradigms: transactive memory, collaborative recall, and social contagion. Finally, we sketch our own early studies of individual and group memory developed within our framework of distributed cognition, on social contagion of autobiographical memories, collaborative flashbulb memories, and memories of high school at a high school reunion. We see two reciprocal benefits of this conceptual and empirical framework to social memory phenomena: that ideas about distributed cognition can be honed against and tested with the help of sophisticated methods in the social-cognitive psychology of memory; and conversely, that a range of social memory phenomena that are as yet poorly understood can be approached afresh with theoretically motivated extensions of existing empirical paradigms.

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Section: Collaborative Flashbulb Memories Of the Death Of Steve Irwinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual and empirical framework for the social distribution of cognition: The case of memory

Barnier

Sutton

Harris

et al. 2008

Cognitive Systems Research

160

138

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Researchers have, most often, operationalized FBMs in terms of the consistency between a baseline FBM report, culled shortly after the event, and a later report, culled after a given retention interval (e.g. one year; see, for example, Conway et al, 1994;Curci & Luminet, 2006;Hirst et al, 2009;Neisser & Harsch, 1992;Talarico & Rubin, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remembering President Barack Obama's inauguration and the landing of US Airways Flight 1549: A comparison of the predictors of autobiographical and event memory

Koppel

Brown

Stone

et al. 2013

Memory

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We examined and compared the predictors of autobiographical memory (AM) consistency and event memory accuracy across two publicly documented yet disparate public events: the inauguration of Barack Obama as the 44 th President of the United States on January 20 th , and the emergency landing of US Airways Flight 1549, off the coast of Manhattan, on January 15 th . We tracked autobiographical and event memories for both events, with assessments taking place within two-and-a-half weeks of both events (Survey 1), and again between three-and-a-half and four months after both events (Survey 2). In a series of stepwise regressions, we found that the psychological variables of recalled emotional intensity and personal importance/centrality predicted AM consistency and event memory accuracy for the inauguration. Conversely, the rehearsal variables of covert rehearsal and media attention predicted, respectively, AM consistency and event memory accuracy for the plane landing. We conclude from these findings that different factors may underlie autobiographical and event memory for personally and culturally significant events (e.g., the inauguration), relative to noteworthy, yet less culturally significant, events (e.g., the plane landing).

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“…For example, emotional memories have been shown to be retrieved with a greater degree of confidence than neutral memories irrespective of a lack of change in memory accuracy (Neisser & Harsch, 1992;Talarico & Rubin, 2003). This suggests that in certain instances there can be a dissociation whereby emotion affects metacognitive monitoring, through altering the subjective retrieval experience, without affecting memory performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative affect does not impact semantic retrieval failure monitoring.

Jersakova¹,

Souchay²,

Allen³

2015

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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This study investigated the effect of the emotional nature of to-be-retrieved material on semantic retrieval monitoring. Across two groups, participants were either asked whether they have experienced a tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) state or to make a feeling-of-knowing (FOK) judgment. We examined the overall reporting rate as well as subjective (not accompanied by partial information recall) TOT and FOK reporting, comparing whether these differed between emotional (negatively valenced and arousing) and neutral items. The results demonstrated that emotion does not impact semantic TOT and FOK reports, a conclusion supported by Bayesian analysis of the results. The outcomes extend other findings in the metamemory literature, and are discussed with a focus on future research avenues concerning interactions between emotion and metamemory.

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Phantom flashbulbs: False recollections of hearing the news about Challenger

Cited by 439 publications

References 0 publications

A conceptual and empirical framework for the social distribution of cognition: The case of memory

A conceptual and empirical framework for the social distribution of cognition: The case of memory

Remembering President Barack Obama's inauguration and the landing of US Airways Flight 1549: A comparison of the predictors of autobiographical and event memory

Negative affect does not impact semantic retrieval failure monitoring.

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