Pharmacist–physician collaborative care model for patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes in Brazil: results from a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

The results suggest that the collaborative care model proposed is feasible and more effective than the usual care in the reduction and individualized control of A1C levels in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.

Pharmaceutical care-based interventions in type 2 diabetes mellitus : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

“…(32) It was not possible to determine whether lack of specific tools such as Pharmacotherapy WorkUp for drug-related problems might have contributed to heterogeneity, because only two studies reported the use of this tool for that specific purpose. (30,35) Even if all 15 studies selected for systematic review had been included in this meta-analysis, results would still probably be similar. Significant heterogeneity may have reflected differences in inclusion criteria between trials.…”

“…(34) As regards detection bias, only one study reported blinding of raters, who were therefore unaware of groups being evaluated. (35) The remaining studies were thought to have unclear risk of bias, given measures employed to assess clinical outcomes were not described.…”

“…However, when search terms "drug-related problems" (12/15; 80.0%) or "medication review" (2/15; 26.7%) were used, instruments applied failed to be described. Two studies (21,31) defined frequency of drug-related problems as a clinical outcome of participants, and only two (30,35) described the use of Pharmacotherapy WorkUp (40) for the same purpose.…”

“…(23) to investigate potential causes of high heterogeneity between studies. Given the small number of studies (less than ten), meta-regression was not performed; rather, subgroup analysis was repeated using the random effect model according to trial characteristics (participants with baseline HbA1c levels <9%; (27,32,34,36,37) interventions such as drug-related problems (27,32,34,37,40) and medication review; (28,29) frequent interventions -monthly or every 2 months; (21,26,29,30,32,35,40,42) outpatient settings (21,26,27,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) and community pharmacy; (29,37) ) per sex (i.e., studies with larger proportion of males (29,34,41,42) versus studies with larger proportion of females). (21,27,28,32,37,39) All analyses revealed high and significant heterogeneity (I 2 >98%; p<0.001).…”

Perceptions and expectations of health care providers towards clinical pharmacy services at a tertiary cancer centre in Qatar

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7] Studies have proved that a better collaboration between healthcare providers and pharmacists has led to safer, more effective and less costly drug therapies. [8][9][10] In 2011, a study conducted by Zidane et al 10 in our institute, which aimed to investigate the physicians' perceptions and expectations from their experiences with the pharmacists at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), the largest governmental healthcare organization in Qatar, found that physicians were comfortable working with pharmacists and had high expectations of pharmacists in performing their duties. However, physicians reported a poor experience with clinical pharmacists, who infrequently informed them about the effectiveness of alternative drugs, patients experiencing problems with prescribed medications, and who took personal responsibility to resolve any drug-related problem.…”