Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of danofloxacin in chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) following intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and oral administrations

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and bioavailability of danofloxacin in chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) following intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and oral (PO) administrations at a dose of 10 mg/kg. A total of eight clinically healthy chukar partridges weighing 480 ± 45 g were used for the investigation. The study was performed in a crossover design (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) with a 15‐day washout period between two administrations in four periods. The plasma concentrations of danofloxacin were determined using reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Noncompartmental PK parameters were also estimated. No local or systemic adverse drug effects were observed in any of the chukar partridges. The mean elimination half‐life ranged between 8.18 and 12.08 hr and differed statistically among administration routes. The mean peak plasma concentrations of danofloxacin following IM, SC, and PO administrations were 8.05, 9.58, and 3.39 μg/ml at 0.5, 1, and 4 hr, respectively. Following IM, SC, and PO administrations, the mean bioavailability was 86.33%, 134.40%, and 47.62%, respectively. The mean total clearance and volume of distribution at steady‐state following IV administration were 0.13 L hr−1 kg−1 and 0.96 L/kg, respectively. These data, including favorable PKs and the absence of adverse drug effects, suggest that danofloxacin is a useful antibiotic in chukar partridges.

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of danofloxacin in swan geese (Anser cygnoides) following intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and oral administrations

“…The bioavailability of danofloxacin following IM and SC administration was 87.99% and 72.77%, respectively. The bioavailability of danofloxacin after IM and SC administration has been also reported in duck (103.21% IM, Goudah & Mouneir, 2009) and chukar partridge (86.33% IM, 134.40% SC, Corum et al, 2019a).…”

“…No systemic or local adverse effects were observed following IV, IM, SC, and PO administrations of danofloxacin at a dose of 10 mg/ kg in geese. After administration via the different routes at 10 mg/ kg dose, danofloxacin had no adverse drug effect on chukar partridge, pheasants, fowls, and quails (Corum et al, 2019a;Dimitrova et al, 2014). It is generally recommended to use danofloxacin at a dose of 5-10 mg/kg in avian (Dimitrova et al, 2014;Sartini et al, 2021).…”

Effects of Single and Repeated Doses on Disposition and Kinetics of Doxycycline Hyclate in Goats

“…The t 1/2λz of doxycycline after IM administration is similar in goats and prolonged in calves compared to IV administration [ 11 , 20 ]. After extravascular administration in different drugs and animal species, prolonged t 1/2λz has been reported as compared to IV [ 22 , 23 ]. The MRT value obtained after IM and oral administrations is longer than that obtained after IV administration.…”

Pharmacokinetic Behavior and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Integration of Danofloxacin Following Single or Co-Administration with Meloxicam in Healthy Lambs and Lambs with Respiratory Infections

“…All blood samples were centrifuged at 3000× g for 10 min, and the harvested plasma were stored at −70 °C until analysis. The plasma concentration of danofloxacin was analyzed using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV system (Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan) as per a previously reported method [41][42][43][44]. First, 200 µL of acetonitrile was added to 200 µL of the plasma sample.…”