“…Likewise, metformin-loaded polydopamine NPs promote anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidative properties associated with the proteolytic degradation of phosphorylated serine 129 of α-synuclein protein induced by targeting a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase enzyme known as the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Sardoiwala et al, 2020). Other NPs and nanodrugs that have been reported to have significant potential in the treatment of PD by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation including vitamin E-loaded naringenin nanoemulsions (Gaba et al, 2019), selegiline CS NPs (Sridhar et al, 2018), borneol and lactoferrin comodified NPs (Tang et al, 2019), resveratrol NPs (Palle and Neerati, 2018), and Cerium NPs (Hegazy et al, 2017). In summary, NPs and nanodrugs have great potential in treatment of PD because of their role in the regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, α-synuclein activities, and the downstream effects in motor and non-motor dysfunctions.…”