Pharmacological Evaluation of Artemisia cina Crude CO2 Subcritical Extract after the Removal of Santonin by Means of High Speed Countercurrent Chromatography

Abstract

Artemisia species are highly important due to their economic significance as medicines, fodder and food. Artemisia cina is an endemic species to Kazakhstan. In folk medicine, water extract of A. cina was used in the treatment of bronchial asthma while the alcohol extract has larvicidal and antituberculosis activity. The most common and most extensively studied compound from this species is the terpenoid santonin. The toxicity of this compound occurs at the doses of 60 mg for children and 200 mg for adults causing among other issues xanthopsia, leading to blindness. Having this in mind, the main idea of this work was to remove santonin from the crude extract and to check if the santonin-free extract would still be of any pharmacological importance. A CO2 subcritical extract was chromatographed using high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) for the removal of santonin. The santonin-free CO2 subcritical extract (SFCO2E) as well as the isolated compound pectolinarigenin, a flavonoid, were assessed for their pharmacological actions. From the results obtained we can safely suggest that HSCCC is an efficient methodology to completely remove santonin from the CO2 subcritical extract. It was also possible to observe promising antinociceptive and anti–inflammatory activities for both SFCO2E and pectolinarigenin at concentrations that can justify the production of a phytomedicine with this endemic plant from Kazakhstan.

Development and Optimization of a High Sensitivity LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Hesperidin and Naringenin in Rat Plasma: Pharmacokinetic Approach

“…A recent investigation demonstrated that naringenin increases locomotor activity and reduces diacylglycerol accumulation [ 2 ]; hesperidin affects the microbial spoilage and antioxidant quality [ 3 ]. A derivate from heptamethoxyflavone induces a brain-derived neurotrophic factor via cAMP by extracellular signal-regulated kinase [ 4 ]; other flavonoids have antiproliferative activities in cancer cell lines [ 5 ]; antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect [ 6 ], and activities in Alzheimer’s disease [ 7 ].…”

A comprehensive perspective of traditional Arabic or Islamic medicinal plants as an adjuvant therapy against COVID-19

“…Traditionally, to cure bronchial asthma, a warm water soup of the dried plant is taken orally ( Sakipova et al, 2020 ). Quercetin reported, cause bronchodilation within living and artificial environment.…”

Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activity of the Ethanolic Extract from the Aerial Part of Crocus alatavicus Regel & Semen Growing Wildly in Southern Kazakhstan

“…It is worth noting that the spontaneous flora of Kazakhstan, consisting of many endemic and rare species [ 20 , 21 ], can be regarded as a rich source of several, not fully explored medicinal plants with novel potential applications [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Therefore, attempts have been made to introduce them for cultivation [ 30 ].…”