Pharmacological Therapies for Cataract and Refractive Errors: Landscaping Niches of Ocular Drug Patenting

Mucke, Hermann Am; Mucke, Peter M; Mucke, Eva

doi:10.4155/ppa.12.23

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Interference with protein aggregation pathway and modulation of chaperone activity to promote refolding are also among the efforts that have been attempted. Furthermore, patented approaches involving the following mechanisms are available: inhibition of glycation-specific mechanisms, phase separation inhibitors, modulators of the TGF-β pathway, and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase [83]. This section provides a review of different categories of compounds that have been evaluated for anti-cataract potential, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo.…”

Section: Potential Pharmacological Treatments For Cataractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts

et al. 2020

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Cataracts, one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide, refers to lens degradation that is characterized by clouding, with consequent blurry vision. As life expectancies improve, the number of people affected with cataracts is predicted to increase worldwide, especially in low-income nations with limited access to surgery. Although cataract surgery is considered safe, it is associated with some complications such as retinal detachment, warranting a search for cheap, pharmacological alternatives to the management of this ocular disease. The lens is richly endowed with a complex system of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants which scavenge reactive oxygen species to preserve lens proteins. Depletion and/or failure in this primary antioxidant defense system contributes to the damage observed in lenticular molecules and their repair mechanisms, ultimately causing cataracts. Several attempts have been made to counteract experimentally induced cataract using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo techniques. The majority of the anti-cataract compounds tested, including plant extracts and naturally-occurring compounds, lies in their antioxidant and/or free radical scavenging and/or anti-inflammatory propensity. In addition to providing an overview of the pathophysiology of cataracts, this review focuses on the role of various categories of natural and synthetic compounds on experimentally-induced cataracts.

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Section: Potential Pharmacological Treatments For Cataractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts

et al. 2020

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“…Based on the mechanism of cataracts' formation, herbal, minerals, amino acids, and antioxidants were developed to treat cataracts. Meanwhile, there are other available approaches by inhibiting glycation, phase separation, matrix metalloproteinase, and modulating the TGF- β pathway [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Reveal the Mechanism of Cassiae Semen against Cataracts

Ruo-Fu¹,

Fang

2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Cassiae semen (CS) is one of the most well-known herbs used in the treatment of cataracts in China. However, the potential mechanisms of its anticataract effects have not been fully explored. In this study, network pharmacology was used to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the actions of CS against cataracts, and molecular docking was performed to analyze the binding activity of proteins and compounds. qPCR was performed to detect the mRNA level of genes, and the cell apoptotic rate was measured using flow cytometry. We identified 13 active compounds from CS and 105 targets, as well as 238 cataract-related targets. PPI networks were constructed, and fifty key targets were obtained. These key targets were enriched in the regulation of transcription, apoptotic process, and signal transduction pathways. Molecular docking demonstrated that the compounds of CS exhibited good affinity to some critical targets. Furthermore, CS prevented the apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells induced by UVB lights by decreasing the gene expression of CASP3, ESR1, and TP53 and increasing the CRYAB gene expression. The present study attempted to explain the mechanisms for the effects of CS in the prevention and treatment of cataracts and provided an effective strategy to investigate active ingredients from natural medicines. Further studies are required to verify these findings via in vivo and in vitro experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Cassiae Semen a Cting on Cataracts Based on a Network Pharmacology Approach

Fang¹

2020

Preprint

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BackgroundCassiae Semen (CS) is one of the most well-known herbs used in the treatment of cataracts in China. However, the potential mechanisms of its anti-cataracts effects have not been fully explored.MethodThe active compounds of CS were obtained from TCMSP database, and their targets were retrieved from the TCMSP, STITCH and DrugBank databases. Cataracts related target genes were identified from the GeneCard, Malacard, and OMIM databases. GO and KEGG analysis were performed using DAVID online tools, and Cytoscape were used to construct compound-targets network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, cluster analysis were carried out using MCODE plugin for Cytoscape.ResultsWe obtained 13 active compounds from CS and 105 targets in total to construct a compound-target network, which indicated that emodin, stigmastero, and rhein served as the main ingredients in CS. A total of 238 cataracts related targets were identified from public databases. PPI networks of compound targets and cataract-related targets were constructed and merged to obtained the central network, enrichment analysis showed 50 key targets in the central network enriched in several important signaling pathways, such as thyroid hormone signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The top 4 genes with higher degree in the central network were TP53, HSP90, ESR1, EGFR, indicating their important roles in the treatment of cataracts.ConclusionsThe present study systematically revealed the multi-target mechanisms of CS on cataracts using network pharmacology approach, and provided indications for further mechanistic studies and also for the development of CS as a potential treatment for cataracts patients.

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Pharmacological Therapies for Cataract and Refractive Errors: Landscaping Niches of Ocular Drug Patenting

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts

Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts

Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Reveal the Mechanism of Cassiae Semen against Cataracts

Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Cassiae Semen a Cting on Cataracts Based on a Network Pharmacology Approach

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