Pharmacology and toxicology of α- and β-Asarone: A review of preclinical evidence

Chellian, Ranjithkumar; Pandy, Vijayapandi; Mohamed, Zahurin

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2017.04.003

Cited by 116 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…e asarones, the major chemicals present in the oil, were shown to possess antioxidant properties in various animal seizure models [49]. However, asarones were considered as toxic for their genotoxicity and carcinogenicity at high dosage [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Essential Oil from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome (the Dried Rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott) Prevents Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Cell Injury in PC12 Cells: A Signaling Triggered by CREB/PGC‐1α Activation

Yan

Mahady

Qian

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome (ATR, the dried rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott), a well-recognized traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is prescribed to treat neurological disorders. The essential oil is considered as the active fraction of ATR, and the neuroprotection of ATR essential oil (ATEO) is proven, including the protection against oxidative stress. However, the cellular mechanism of ATEO against oxidative stress has not been fully illustrated. In this study, to investigate the cellular mechanism of ATEO, the cytoprotective effect of ATEO against H2O2-induced injury was revealed in PC12 cells. ATEO treatment increased the viability of cells affected by H2O2-mediated injury, inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and induced the expression of several antioxidant proteins (SODs, GPx, and UCPs). The cytoprotective effect of ATEO was related to upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) expression, which was counteracted by PGC-1α specific knockdown. Using inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA), we found that cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) activation was involved in ATEO-induced PGC-1α expression. Taken together, we suggest that ATEO effectively prevents H2O2-induced cell injury possibly through the activation of CREB/PGC-1α signaling in PC12 cells. The results provide a molecular insight into the effect of ATEO on cytoprotection against oxidative stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Essential Oil from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome (the Dried Rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott) Prevents Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Cell Injury in PC12 Cells: A Signaling Triggered by CREB/PGC‐1α Activation

Yan

Mahady

Qian

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…6) Although no hepatomas, mutagenesis, genotoxicity, and teratogenicity were identified in patients receiving β-asarone, future studies should consider the risk of these adverse events. 41 – 43 7) This was a preliminary study, so the long-term effects of this novel method were not evaluated. Future large-scale, multicenter, randomized studies are needed to solve these limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined application of tenuigenin and β-asarone improved the efficacy of memantine in treating moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease

Chang¹,

Teng²

2018

DDDT

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BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease which cannot be cured at present. The aim of this study was to assess whether the combined application of β-asarone and tenuigenin could improve the efficacy of memantine in treating moderate-to-severe AD.Patients and methodsOne hundred and fifty-two patients with moderate-to-severe AD were recruited and assigned to two groups. Patients in the experiment group received β-asarone 10 mg/d, tenuigenin 10 mg/d, and memantine 5–20 mg/d. Patients in the control group only received memantine 5–20 mg/d. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) were used to assess the therapeutic effects. The drug-related adverse events were used to assess the safety and acceptability. Treatment was continued for 12 weeks.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of treatment, the average MMSE scores, ADL scores, and CDR scores in the two groups were significantly improved. But, compared to the control group, the experimental group had a significantly higher average MMSE score (p<0.00001), lower average ADL score (p=0.00002), and lower average CDR score (p=0.030). Meanwhile, the rates of adverse events were similar between the two groups. Subgroup analysis indicated that the most likely candidates to benefit from this novel method might be the 60–74-years-old male patients with moderate AD.ConclusionThese results demonstrated that the combined application of β-asarone and tenuigenin could improve the efficacy of memantine in treating moderate-to-severe AD. The clinical applicability of this novel method showed greater promise and should be further explored.

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“…11) Previous studies demonstrated that the monomeric compound virtually had anti-inflammation and other pharmacological activities. 12) In this study, the myocardial I/R model was established and confirmed by ST segment variation of ECG and dynamic changes of myocardial surface color (Supplemental material). Treatment of β-Asarone alleviated myocardial histological alteration and preserved the cardiac tissue structure, especially alleviating myocardial edema, which also decreased the level of serum cTNT, meaning less cardiac damages.…”

Section: Dissussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-Asarone Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response and NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediated Pyroptosis

Xiao

Huang

Wang

et al. 2020

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Beta-asarone(β-Asarone), the major component of Acorus tatarinowii Rhizoma, has been proved to be muti-pharmacological activities including anti-inflammation, and which is effective in protecting the central nervous system. However, the effect of β-Asarone on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) injury is not yet clear. This study used a rat model with 45minutes occlusion and 24hours releasing of proximal segment of left anterior descending coronary artery. The effects of β-Asarone on cardiac histopathology, myocardial infarction size, levels of cardiac troponin T(cTNT) , myeloperoxidase(MPO) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β), protein expressions of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC), Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3), caspase-1and Gasdermin D(GSDMSD) , and left ventricular performance were studied respectively. Our results showed that administration of β-Asarone significantly improved the heart outcome after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in terms of less infarction size and lower serum cTNT concentration. Further, β-Asarone treatment evidently inhibited inflammatory response with less granulocyte infiltration, mild tissue edema and lower tissue MPO content, it also suppressed NLRP3 signal pathway and cardiac cell's pyroptosis for less protein expressions of ASC and NLRP3, lower level cleavage activation of caspase-1and GSDMSD, and lower serum IL-1β concentration. Finally, β-Asarone treatment well preserved the left ventricular performance with higher ejection fraction and fractional shortening. The experimental results suggested that β-Asarone was protective against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, in which inhibition of inflammatory response and suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome mediated pyroptosis were supposed to play a vital role.

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Pharmacology and toxicology of α- and β-Asarone: A review of preclinical evidence

Cited by 116 publications

References 109 publications

The Essential Oil from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome (the Dried Rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott) Prevents Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Cell Injury in PC12 Cells: A Signaling Triggered by CREB/PGC‐1α Activation

The Essential Oil from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome (the Dried Rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott) Prevents Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Cell Injury in PC12 Cells: A Signaling Triggered by CREB/PGC‐1α Activation

Combined application of tenuigenin and β-asarone improved the efficacy of memantine in treating moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease

Beta-Asarone Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response and NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediated Pyroptosis

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Pharmacology and toxicology of α- and β-Asarone: A review of preclinical evidence

Cited by 116 publications

References 109 publications

The Essential Oil from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome (the Dried Rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott) Prevents Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Cell Injury in PC12 Cells: A Signaling Triggered by CREB/PGC‐1α Activation

The Essential Oil from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome (the Dried Rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott) Prevents Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Cell Injury in PC12 Cells: A Signaling Triggered by CREB/PGC‐1α Activation

Combined application of tenuigenin and &beta;-asarone improved the efficacy of memantine in treating moderate-to-severe Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease

Beta-Asarone Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response and NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediated Pyroptosis

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Combined application of tenuigenin and β-asarone improved the efficacy of memantine in treating moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease