Phosphoglycopeptides from yeast cell walls

Cawley, T. N.; Letters, R.

doi:10.1042/bj1100009pb

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Valuable structural information can thus be obtained by studying the action of acid and alkali on phosphomannans and on the periodateoxidation products derived from them. Such preliminary studies on the phosphomannan isolated from cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have indicated (Cawley & Letters, 1968) the presence of a-1,6-phosphodiester bonds similar to those occurring in the extracellular phosphomannans. We now report a detailed investigation of the phosphorus-containing compounds that are released from yeast cell wall by Pronase digestion and of the effects on them of treatment with acid and with alkali.…”

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A study of the phosphate linkages in phosphomannan in cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cawley

Harrington

Letters³

1972

Biochemical Journal

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1. The phosphomannan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was released by Pronase digestion of cell walls and isolated by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose or by precipitation with borate-Cetavlon solutions. Mannose and phosphorus were present in the molar ratio 18:1 and the phosphate groups were in the diester form. 2. Hydrolysis with acid gave mannose 6-phosphate. Under mild acid conditions (autohydrolysis) the phosphate groups were converted into the monoester form, mannose was released and the molecular size of the phosphomannan was substantially decreased. 3. Hydrolysis with alkali also gave a monoester phosphate and a similar decrease in molecular weight. Under mild alkaline conditions the serine and threonine content of the phosphomannan was decreased by about 80%. The phosphate content was not altered. 4. Treatment with 40% (v/v) HF removed 70% of the phosphorus from the phosphomannan with no detectable decrease in molecular weight. 5. Periodate oxidation gave an oxophosphomannan from which 80% of the phosphorus was eliminated under mild alkaline conditions. 6. The properties of the phosphomannan are consistent with a structure in which the phosphate groups are located on the outside of the molecule and link C-1 of a terminal mannose unit with C-6 of another mannose unit, which is in turn attached to the polysaccharide backbone of the molecule. 7. The implications of this structure are discussed in relation to flocculation.

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confidence: 99%

A study of the phosphate linkages in phosphomannan in cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cawley

Harrington

Letters³

1972

Biochemical Journal

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“…This type of structure has been found in other fungal cell walls, e.g. Cawley & Letters (1968) isolated a phosphoglycopeptide after incubating yeast cell walls with Pronase, and Lloyd (1970) has isolated a galactomannan, containing covalently bound phosphate and peptide, from the yeast form of Clado-8porium werneckii.…”

Section: For Dextran 20mentioning

confidence: 65%

The composition of the cell wall of Fusicoccum amygdali

Buck

Obaidah

1971

Biochemical Journal

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1. The cell wall of Fusicoccum amygdali consisted of polysaccharides (85%), protein (4-6%), lipid (5%) and phosphorus (0.1%). 2. The main carbohydrate constituent was d-glucose; smaller amounts of d-glucosamine, d-galactose, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, xylose and arabinose were also identified, and 16 common amino acids were detected. 3. Chitin, which accounted for most of the cell-wall glucosamine, was isolated in an undegraded form by an enzymic method. Chitosan was not detected, but traces of glucosamine were found in alkali-soluble and water-soluble fractions. 4. Cell walls were stained dark blue by iodine and were attacked by alpha-amylase, with liberation of glucose, maltose and maltotriose, indicating the existence of chains of alpha-(1-->4)-linked glucopyranose residues. 5. Glucose and gentiobiose were liberated from cell walls by the action of an exo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase, giving evidence for both beta-(1-->3)- and beta-(1-->6)-glucopyranose linkages. 6. Incubation of cell walls with Helix pomatia digestive enzymes released glucose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine and a non-diffusible fraction, containing most of the cell-wall galactose, mannose and rhamnose. Part of this fraction was released by incubating cell walls with Pronase; acid hydrolysis yielded galactose 6-phosphate and small amounts of mannose 6-phosphate and glucose 6-phosphate as well as other materials. Extracellular polysaccharides of a similar nature were isolated and may be formed by the action of lytic enzymes on the cell wall. 7. About 30% of the cell wall was resistant to the action of the H. pomatia digestive enzymes; the resistant fraction was shown to be a predominantly alpha-(1-->3)-glucan. 8. Fractionation of the cell-wall complex with 1m-sodium hydroxide gave three principal glucan fractions: fraction BB had [alpha](D) +236 degrees (in 1m-sodium hydroxide) and showed two components on sedimentation analysis; fraction AA(2) had [alpha](D) -71 degrees (in 1m-sodium hydroxide) and contained predominantly beta-linkages; fraction AA(1) had [alpha](D) +40 degrees (in 1m-sodium hydroxide) and may contain both alpha- and beta-linkages.

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“…In yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae biosynthesis of the cell wall has been well studied [1]. There is a unique oligosaccharide modification, mannosylphosphorylation, in the cell wall mannoproteins of S. cerevisiae [2–4]. The mannosylphosphate moiety is transferred from GDP‐mannose to N ‐linked oligosaccharides in the Golgi apparatus [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mannosylphosphate transfer to cell wall mannan is regulated by the transcriptional level of the MNN4 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Odani¹,

Shimma²,

Wang³

et al. 1997

FEBS Letters

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Mannosylphosphorylation is a major oligosaccharide modification that provides negative charge in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall. Although two genes, MNN6 and MNN4, which encode a mannosylphosphate transferase and its putative positive regulator, respectively, are involved in this modification, the amount of Mnn4p has been found to be a limiting factor for mannosylphosphorylation. The level of mannosylphosphorylation increased at late-logarithmic and stationary phases of cell growth, and this was correlated to the transcriptional enhancement of MNN4. We also find that mannosylphosphate transfer to mannan is negatively regulated by the protein kinase A pathway, while the presence of 0.5 M potassium chloride enhanced MNN4 transcription. This type of transcriptional regulation is observed in many stress response genes, implying that mannosylphosphate transfer is involved in the cellular response to a variety of stresses.z 1997 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

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Phosphoglycopeptides from yeast cell walls

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

A study of the phosphate linkages in phosphomannan in cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

A study of the phosphate linkages in phosphomannan in cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The composition of the cell wall of Fusicoccum amygdali

Mannosylphosphate transfer to cell wall mannan is regulated by the transcriptional level of the MNN4 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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