Phosphorus: Chemism and Interactions

Saljnikov, Elmira; Čakmak, Dragan

doi:10.5772/29556

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Most of the previous studies concentrate on the monitoring of green roof runoff quality [7,[9][10][11]14], not on substrate chemical composition. In some exceptions, e.g., [64], substrate mix components are analyzed for chemical composition but phosphorus, which excess loads have the potential to increase eutrophication risk for lakes and rivers, is not included. For the sustainable use of green roofs it is therefore suggested to test the substrate and its components as a potential source of P in runoff.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the mineral materials tested in this study contain phosphorus in different amounts that ranged between 5.3-130 mg P-PO 4 /kg in hydrochloric acid extracts. This fraction represents apatite and calcium associated P [64] and is not available for plants, however it can be released from substrate at low pH. The phosphorus found in water extracts was detected for crushed red brick and pollytag, and is available for easily leaching by rain percolation through green roof substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Development of Low P-Emission Substrate for the Protection of Urban Water Bodies Collecting Green Roof Runoff

2017

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Urbanization leads to higher phosphorus (P) concentration in urban catchments. Among different stormwater retention measures, green roofs are the least efficient in phosphorus retention. Moreover, much research has shown that green roofs act as sources of phosphorus, and they can emit P in significant loads. In this study low P emission green roof substrate was developed based on the proposed step by step procedure for the selection of materials including laboratory tests, column experiments, and the monitoring of the open air green roof model. Developed substrate is the mixture of crushed red brick (35% of volume), crushed limestone (20% of volume), and sand (45% of volume), and is characterized by a bulk density of 1.52 g/cm 3 , water permeability of 9 mm/min, water capacity of 24.6% of volume, and granulometric composition that meets the Landscaping and Landscape Development Research Society (FLL) guidelines. Limestone was added to limit the potential P leaching from crushed red brick and vegetated mate consisted of Sedum album, Sedum acre, Sedum kamtschaticum, Sedum spurium, Sedum reflexum, Sedum sexangulare, Dianthus deltoides, Dianthus carthusianorum, and Thymus vulgaris. The open air model experiment was run for 319 days, from March 2015 to February 2016. The total water runoff from the green roof model amounted to 43.3% of runoff from the reference roof. The only one runoff event polluted with phosphorus was connected with the outflow of melted snow from an unfreezing green roof model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of Low P-Emission Substrate for the Protection of Urban Water Bodies Collecting Green Roof Runoff

2017

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“…In the slightly acidic soil, H 2 PO $ _4^ - $ is the main water‐soluble phosphate anion ( Henderson , 2011). Labile Fe 3+ /Al 3+ can be hydrolyzed into Fe‐/Al‐OH and then absorb and fix water‐soluble H 2 PO $ _4^ - $ to decrease the availability of P in the soil ( Saljnikov and Cakmak , 2011; Jan et al, 2015). O‐P is almost unavailable for plant uptake when a thin film of Fe 2 O 3 exists as a ‘shield' all around ( Hu et al, 2012), while Fe‐P and Al‐P, occluded in O‐P, are relatively available P sources in slightly acidic conditions ( Henderson , 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variations in phosphorus fractions and phosphatase activities in rhizosphere and bulk soil during the development of Larix olgensis plantations

Chen

Zhang

Duan

2015

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Many studies have well reported nutrient deficiency and soil degradation focusing on soil N in pure plantations. However, few papers focused on soil P deficiency during pure plantation afforestation. We examined the variations in P fractions and phosphatase (P‐ase) activities in the rhizosphere and bulk soils in Larix olgensis plantations of 16, 23, 34, and 49 y. Correlation analysis was applied to identify the relationships between available P and other P fractions and P‐ase activities in the rhizosphere soil at different developmental stages. The stepwise regression models were established to explore their relationships with tree growth. The results showed that the deficiency of available P occurred in the rhizosphere micro‐region relative to the bulk soil in the 34‐ and 49‐y‐old stands, which was related to the lower acid phosphatase activity, the deficient Fe‐bound P, and occluded phosphate, as well as to soil pH in the rhizosphere soil during these periods. In addition, tree growth in the young and near‐mature stands was significantly correlated with soil P fractions, and the main P fractions closely related to tree growth were total P, organic P, available P and inorganic P, followed by Ca‐bound P and Fe‐bound P. The decreases in average DBH and average height growth in the near‐mature stand were related to the deficiency of available P in this period. Our results indicate that the development of Larix olgensis plantations affects the bioavailability of P through dynamic changes of P fractions and P‐ase activities, which provides a theoretical base in future afforestation with Larix olgensis plantations.

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“…The amount of total P in soil varies from 50 to 5000 mg/kg in top 0-30 cm soil (Mengel andKirkby 2001, Saljnikov andCakmak 2012). However, compared with the other major nutrients, the P is the least mobile and less available to plants in most soil conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of waste Al-phosphate on soil and plant

Amaizah¹,

Čakmak²,

Saljnikov³

et al. 2013

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Irreplaceability of phosphorus as a necessary macroelement in crop production is due to limited resources and costly processing of ores and immobilization in soil, which force for seeking an alternative sources or the use of waste materials. In this paper, the waste aluminum phosphate from pharmaceutical factory used as phosphate fertilizer and its effects were compared with other phosphorus fertilizers (superphosphate and rock phosphate). Except the analysis of available phosphorus (AL-method) the sequential extraction of phosphorus (modified Chang and Jackson) and sequential extraction of aluminum (modified Tessier) were performed. The experimental plant was mustard (Sinapis alba). The pot experiment was carried out on two soil types: Stagnosol and Vertisol. Application of phosphorus with aluminum phosphate had the same effect as the application of other phosphatic fertilizers in both soil types. In Stagnosol Al-phosphate directly influenced the increase in plant fresh weight by 39% and dry weight by 43% compared to the control, and also decreased the content of mobile Al for 40% and Pb for 47% in plant biomass. Based on these results, the use of waste aluminum phosphate has a potential to be used as a phosphorus fertilizer under given conditions.

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Phosphorus: Chemism and Interactions

Cited by 5 publications

References 79 publications

Design and Development of Low P-Emission Substrate for the Protection of Urban Water Bodies Collecting Green Roof Runoff

Design and Development of Low P-Emission Substrate for the Protection of Urban Water Bodies Collecting Green Roof Runoff

Temporal variations in phosphorus fractions and phosphatase activities in rhizosphere and bulk soil during the development of Larix olgensis plantations

Effect of waste Al-phosphate on soil and plant

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