Phosphorus functionalization for the rapid preparation of highly nanoporous submicron-diameter carbon fibers by electrospinning of lignin solutions

García-Mateos, Francisco J.; Berenguer, R.; Valero-Romero, María José; Rodríguez-Mirasol, José; Cordero, Tomás

doi:10.1039/c7ta08788h

Cited by 103 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The N 1s XPS spectrum shown in Figure c demonstrates the presence of four types of N coordination environments, assigned to pyridinic‐N (398.2 eV), pyrrolic‐N (399.9 eV), graphitic‐N (401.4 eV), and oxidized‐N (404.3 eV) . Two peaks that appear at 530.6 and 532.5 eV in the O 1s spectrum in Figure d match well with the bonding energies of CO, PO and COP groups, while the peak at 536.4 eV can be assigned to H 2 O adsorbed on the surface of the hybrid nanomaterial . The groups of CO, PO, and adsorbed H 2 O make the Rh x P/NPC catalyst strongly hydrophilic.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Low Loading of Rh_xP and RuP on N, P Codoped Carbon as Two Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrode Reactions

Qin

Jang

Chen

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

192

105

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abovementioned energy devices; however, these three reactions suffer from sluggish kinetics and generally require a large overpotential to occur. [2] Currently, Pt-, Ir-, and Ru-based materials are the state-of-the-art electrocatalysts for these reactions, and they can greatly reduce the energy barrier of electrochemical processes and accelerate the electrochemical reaction rate. [3] However, the scarcity and high cost of these noble metals strongly obstruct their large-scale application in energy devices. [4] In addition, these noble metal catalysts always suffer from the insufficient durability in the corrosive electrolytes. [5] Therefore, reducing the cost of the catalysts and enhancing the durability of the mentioned noble metal catalysts are urgently needed. At present, replacing noble metal materials with metal-free or nonprecious metal catalysts is a popular research topic but remains an enormous challenge because of the poor performance with the alternative catalysts in real energy devices. On the other hand, decreasing the content of noble metals and replacing them with other relatively low-cost noble metals is considered as a more practical strategy for accelerating their industrial application. For the HER, transition-metal phosphides (TMPs) have emerged as the promising materials due to their high activities, abundant reserves, and low cost, [6] and therefore are considered as potential alternatives to Pt; [7] however, the activities of these TMP-based catalysts are still worse than those of Pt-based catalysts. Some of TMP-based catalysts, such as CoP nanocrystals, [2] M 2 P (M = Ni, Co, Mn), [8] and FeP, [9] have shown a stable and decent ORR performance, but their activities are rarely comparable to that of the benchmark catalyst Pt/C. For the OER, the active sites in TMPs are the surface oxy/hydroxides (M-OOH, M = Fe, Co, Ni) and phosphates that are formed in situ during the OER process, instead of the metal phosphides. [10] As members of the Pt group, Rh-and Ru-based catalysts usually exhibit higher electrochemical activities [11,12] than TMPs, and noble metal-based M x P catalysts (M = Rh, Ru) have demonstrated excellent HER activities close to, even better than that of Pt/C, such as RuP 2 /N, P codoped carbon (NPC), [13] but the content of Ru in the catalyst is ≈23.3 wt%, thus, there is still room to low the loading of Ru for reducing the cost of these catalysts. Because the noble metal Rh is more expensive than that of Ru, even the loading of Rh is about 14.7 wt% in a Reducing the consumption of noble metals in energy devices, such as fuel cells, zinc-air batteries, and water splitting cells, is a core issue for achieving an environmentally sustainable society. Herein, two highly efficient electrocatalysts are synthesized, composed of N, P codoped carbon (NPC) modified with noble metals phosphides (Rh x P/NPC and RuP/NPC) through pyrolysis of a mixture of RhCl 3 · xH 2 O or RuCl 3 · xH 2 O, respectively, with phytic acid. Unlike the reported rhodium and ruthenium phosphides, Rh x P/ NPC and...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Low Loading of Rh_xP and RuP on N, P Codoped Carbon as Two Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrode Reactions

Qin

Jang

Chen

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

192

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the first publication on the electrospinning of lignin, Lallave et al (2007) used a lignin:ethanol solution at a w/w ratio of 1:1 with a viscosity range between 350 and 400 cPs to fabricate lignin fibers without any additional polymer. The addition of phosphoric acid, H 3 PO 4 , into a similar lignin:ethanol solution (H 3 PO 4 :lignin:ethanol-weight ratio: 0.3:1:1) resulted in more curly fibers with a diameter ≤1 µm (García-Mateos et al, 2018). García-Mateos et al (2018) suggested that H 3 PO 4 is the reason for the curly fibers because of the increased viscosity of 450 cPs and the increased electrical conductivity of the spinning solution.…”

Section: Spinning Solution For Electrospinningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of phosphoric acid, H 3 PO 4 , into a similar lignin:ethanol solution (H 3 PO 4 :lignin:ethanol-weight ratio: 0.3:1:1) resulted in more curly fibers with a diameter ≤1 µm (García-Mateos et al, 2018). García-Mateos et al (2018) suggested that H 3 PO 4 is the reason for the curly fibers because of the increased viscosity of 450 cPs and the increased electrical conductivity of the spinning solution. Polymers are more commonly used as processing aids to achieve the necessary chain entanglement for electrospinning of nanofibers.…”

Section: Spinning Solution For Electrospinningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin-Based Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers

2019

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The article summarizes the scientific progress that has occurred in the past several years in regard to the preparation of carbon nanofibers from lignin as a low-cost environmentally-friendly raw material using electrospinning. It presents an overview of using lignin, electrospinning, and carbonization to convert lignin to carbon nanofibers. Lignin is a renewable source for carbon material, and it is very abundant in nature. It is mostly produced as a byproduct from the paper industry and biomass fractionation. Despite its extensive availability and beneficial properties, only a few studies have reported on its use in electronic applications. Lignin-based carbon nanofibers have a high surface area, high porosity, and good electrical conductivity; thus, it is proposed that they are suitable for future energy storage applications.

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“…[23][24][25] Furthermore, the utilization of biomass for carbon production is ac ost-effective and eco-friendly approach because it enables recyclability of different waste materials, such as banana peel, [26] macadamia shells, [27] cellulose, [28,29] and lignin. [30][31][32] The present reviews ummarizest he utilization of biomass-derived carbon in SIBs and SICs. First, the principle andm echanism of carbonaceous materials for energy storage is discussed, before detailingr ecent research into biomass-derived carbon for SIBs and SIC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass‐Derived Carbons for Sodium‐Ion Batteries and Sodium‐Ion Capacitors

et al. 2020

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In the past decade, the rapid development of portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and electrical devices has stimulated extensive interest in fundamental research and the commercialization of electrochemical energy‐storage systems. Biomass‐derived carbon has garnered significant research attention as an efficient, inexpensive, and eco‐friendly active material for energy‐storage systems. Therefore, high‐performance carbonaceous materials, derived from renewable sources, have been utilized as electrode materials in sodium‐ion batteries and sodium‐ion capacitors. Herein, the charge‐storage mechanism and utilization of biomass‐derived carbon for sodium storage in batteries and capacitors are summarized. In particular, the structure–performance relationship of biomass‐derived carbon for sodium storage in the form of batteries and capacitors is discussed. Despite the fact that further research is required to optimize the process and application of biomass‐derived carbon in energy‐storage devices, the current review demonstrates the potential of carbonaceous materials for next‐generation sodium‐related energy‐storage applications.

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Phosphorus functionalization for the rapid preparation of highly nanoporous submicron-diameter carbon fibers by electrospinning of lignin solutions

Abstract: Rapid preparation of low-cost carbon fibers by electrospinning of lignin solutions thanks to the functionalization with H3PO4.

Cited by 103 publications

References 59 publications

Low Loading of Rh_xP and RuP on N, P Codoped Carbon as Two Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrode Reactions

Low Loading of Rh_xP and RuP on N, P Codoped Carbon as Two Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrode Reactions

Lignin-Based Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers

Biomass‐Derived Carbons for Sodium‐Ion Batteries and Sodium‐Ion Capacitors

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Phosphorus functionalization for the rapid preparation of highly nanoporous submicron-diameter carbon fibers by electrospinning of lignin solutions

Abstract: Rapid preparation of low-cost carbon fibers by electrospinning of lignin solutions thanks to the functionalization with H3PO4.

Cited by 103 publications

References 59 publications

Low Loading of RhxP and RuP on N, P Codoped Carbon as Two Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrode Reactions

Low Loading of RhxP and RuP on N, P Codoped Carbon as Two Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrode Reactions

Lignin-Based Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers

Biomass‐Derived Carbons for Sodium‐Ion Batteries and Sodium‐Ion Capacitors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Low Loading of Rh_xP and RuP on N, P Codoped Carbon as Two Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrode Reactions

Low Loading of Rh_xP and RuP on N, P Codoped Carbon as Two Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrode Reactions