Phosphorus Homeostasis in Dairy Cows with Abomasal Displacement or Abomasal Volvulus

Abstract

Abnormal phosphorus homeostasis occurs in dairy cows with an abomasal displacement or volvulus. The goal of this study was to identify potential mechanisms for hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphatemia in cows with a left displaced abomasum (LDA), right displaced abomasum (RDA), or abomasal volvulus (AV). Accordingly, the results of preoperative clinicopathologic analyses for 1,368 dairy cows with an LDA (n ϭ 1,189), RDA, or AV (n ϭ 179) (data set 1) and for 44 cows with an AV (data set 2) were retrieved. Laboratory values were compared by Student's t-tests, and correlation and regression analyses were performed. Thirty-four percent of the animals from data set 1 (463/1,368) were hypophosphatemic (serum phosphorus concentration ( Stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that low [SUN] and the diagnosis of an LDA had the strongest associations with hypophosphatemia. In cows with hyperphosphatemia, [Pi] was most strongly associated with azotemia. In cows with an AV, the strongest correlations with [Pi] were found for [SUN] and serum creatinine. We conclude that hypophosphatemia in cows with an LDA is primarily due to decreased feed intake. In contrast, hyperphosphatemia in cattle with an RDA or AV appears to result from dehydration and decreased renal blood flow.Key words: Feed intake; Hemoconcentration; Hyperphosphatemia; Hypophosphatemia. Phosphorus nutrition and homeostasis in dairy cattle has received increased attention during the past decade. Excessive dietary phosphorus intake leads to high fecal phosphorus concentration and surface runoff. This has raised environmental concerns and resulted in incentives to lower dietary phosphorus intake.1-4 However, if phosphorus intake is limited, cows in early lactation might experience hypophosphatemia as the result of a sudden and increasing loss of phosphorus in milk.1 Conditions such as Downer cow syndrome, postparturient hemoglobinuria, unthriftiness, inappetence, reduced milk production, and decreased fertility have been associated with hypophosphatemia. [1][2][3][4][5] Conditions that affect feed intake, milk production, or hydration status in early lactation could also alter phosphorus homeostasis.Abnormal serum phosphorus concentration ([Pi]) has been reported in dairy cows with a left displaced abomasum (LDA), right displaced abomasum (RDA), or abomasal volvulus (AV), conditions frequently occurring in early lactation. [6][7][8][9] The mechanisms for these alterations in serum [Pi] are uncertain. The objective of our study was to determine the association between serum [Pi] and other clinicopathologic parameters in lactating dairy cows with a displaced Materials and MethodsThe medical records of 1,368 dairy cows that presented for surgical correction of a DA or AV at the clinic for ruminants and swine of the Free University Berlin (data set 1) and of 44 dairy cows with an AV that underwent surgery at The Ohio State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (data set 2) were retrieved, and data were extracted for analysis. Inclusion criteria were intrao...

Effect of foot and mouth disease on haematological and biochemical profile of cattle

“…Mullick (1949) also reported high phosphorus level in FMD affected cattle. The non significant increase in the level of phosphorus in diseased group was similar to that reported by Mohapatra et al (2005).The increased level of inorganic phosphorus could also be attributed to increased salivation with the resultant dehydration and decreased renal blood flow (Gruenberg et al,2005).…”

Effect of phosphorus deficiency on erythrocytic morphology and function in cows

“…In cattle, hypophosphatemia occurring at the onset of lactation is widely believed to be associated with periparturient recumbency and the downer cow syndrome [ 7 ]. After calcium (Ca), P is the second major component of bone mineral; P participates in the process of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation and maintains the integrity of cellular structures [ 9 ]. In addition, P compounds containing the phosphate ion are components of DNA, RNA, ATP, and also of phospholipids, which form all cell membranes.…”

Identification of Breed Differences in Known and New Fescue Toxicosis Associated Phenotypes in Charolais-and Hereford-Sired Crossbred Beef Cows

“…Hypophosphatemia (20-40 mg/L phosphorus) and hypomagnesemia (11-18 mg/L magnesium) have been recorded in cattle with depressed feed intake [37][38][39] and under heat stress [40,41]. In the present study, cows on all fescue types had serum phosphorus and magnesium levels below normal levels, indicating heat stress [40].…”