Phosphorus toxicity in the Proteaceae: A problem in post-agricultural lands

Hawkins, Heidi‐Jayne; Hettasch, H.B.; Mesjasz‐Przybyłowicz, Jolanta; Przybyłowicz, W.J.; Cramer, Michael D.

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2008.05.001

Cited by 62 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…On the other hand, the flexibility of N. stricta was not high enough because of its immediate death after P application in 1966, in contrast to A. flexuosa, which quickly expanded in the late 1960s (Hejcman et al 2007b). This supports the conclusion made by Hawkins et al (2008) that the substantial increase in P availability may be toxic for stress tolerant species that are adapted to extremely P poor conditions. Adaptation of N. stricta to P limited conditions was indicated by the generally lower P concentration and higher N:P ratio in its biomass than in A. flexuosa, as reported previously (Thompson et al 1997;Semelová et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Long-term residual effect of short-term fertilizer application on Ca, N and P concentrations in grasses Nardus stricta L. and Avenella flexuosa L.

Klaudisová

Hejcman

Pavlů

2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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The resilience (the ability of an ecosystem to recover after termination of perturbation) of plant species composition after short-term fertilizer application can take decades in sub-alpine grassland, but little attention has been paid to the resilience of nutrient concentrations in the biomass of individual plant species. In 2004, an abandoned experiment in which phosphorus, nitrogen and calcium had been applied from 1965 to 1967 was identified in the Giant Mts. (Krkonoše/Karkonosze, Czech Republic). The biomass of two dominant grasses, Nardus stricta and Avenella flexuosa, was analyzed for Ca, N and P concentrations 37 years after the last fertilizer application. In treatments with P application, the P concentration was still significantly increased in both species. The N concentration was higher in treatments with N or Ca application and the lowest in P treatments. The N:P ratio ranged from 7.7 to 16.6 and from 6.2 to 16.3 in N. stricta and A. flexuosa, respectively, and was lowest in P treatments where A. flexuosa predominated. N. stricta dominated in treatments where the biomass N:P ratio was higher than 13, whereas lower ratios were more favourable for A. flexuosa. In the case of N. stricta, the Ca concentration was increased in Ca treatments. Ca and P concentrations in N. stricta biomass were significantly positively correlated with soil plant available P and Ca concentrations, but this was not recorded for A. flexuosa. In environments with different P availability, the competitive ability of investigated species was predetermined by the N:P ratio in their biomass. As in the case of plant species composition and soil chemical properties, the resilience of Ca, N and P concentrations in the biomass of individual species can take decades in sub-alpine grassland.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Long-term residual effect of short-term fertilizer application on Ca, N and P concentrations in grasses Nardus stricta L. and Avenella flexuosa L.

Klaudisová

Hejcman

Pavlů

2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…The control treatment of 31 ppm was chosen due to the nature of fynbos soils being low in available P [29][30][31].…”

Section: Experimental Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pH and Phosphorus Concentrations on the Chlorophyll Responses of Salvia chamelaeagnea (Lamiaceae) Grown in Hydroponics

Lefever¹,

Laubscher²,

Ndakidemi³

et al. 2017

Chlorophyll

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Salvia chamelaeagnea (Lamiaceae) is a slow growing water-wise evergreen shrub originating from the western province of South Africa. It is an attractive landscape, and S. chamelaeagnea is a medicinal plant. It is important to develop enhanced cultivation protocols that could result in high yield and high-quality medicinal materials. Chlorophyll is a fundamental part of the light-dependent reactions of the photosynthesis process. This chapter investigates the effects of four phosphorus concentrations and three pH levels of supplied irrigated water on the production of chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, total chlorophyll, leaf colour and the nutrient uptake of S. chamelaeagnea grown in hydroponics over an 8-week period at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology. The treatments of pH 4, pH 6 and pH 8 at 31, 90, 150 and 210 ppm of phosphorus were received by 12 groups of plants and were replicated 10 times. The results indicated that at pH 4, P fertilization significantly (P < 0.05) induced a higher chlorophyll production of S. chamelaeagnea grown in hydroponics compared to other pH treatments (pH 8 and pH 6).

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“…Thus, excessive P application frequently occurs in practice, especially in China, due to the lack of a formal fertilizer recommendation system and weakness of the local extension service. Many studies have indicated that excessive P application can result in plant toxicity leading to inhibition of growth, leaf chlorosis, and micronutrient deficiency (Marschner 1995;Burnett, Zhang 2008;Hawkin et al 2008). Mean-while, P runoff poses a known environmental threat to natural waters, with high nutrient concentration leading to eutrophication of waterways (Burnett, Zhang 2008;Owen et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of phosphorus on celery growth and nutrient uptake under different calcium and magnesium levels in substrate culture

Li¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2010

Hort. Sci. (Prague)

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Li Y., Wang T., Li J., Ao Y., 2010. Effect of phosphorus on celery growth and nutrient uptake under different calcium and magnesium levels in substrate culture. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 37: 99-108.A greenhouse pot experiment was performed to study the effect of phosphorus (P) on celery (Apium graveolens L.) growth, quality and nutrient uptake under different calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) levels in substrate culture. Results showed that there were significant interactions between P and the level of Ca and Mg in the growing media. Celery above-ground fresh weight, total dry biomass, leaf area, and P, Ca and Mg concentrations in celery leaves significantly increased from 0 to 124 mg/l P application. The opposite trends were observed for root/shoot ratio, leaf chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble protein, soluble sugar, vitamin C, and nitrogen and potassium concentration in celery leaves. Medium Ca and Mg level (Ca 320 and Mg 192 mg/l) significantly increased celery above-ground fresh weight, total dry biomass and leaf area compared to low (Ca 160 and Mg 96 mg/l) and high (Ca 640 and Mg 384 mg/l) levels. This study suggested that 124-248 mg/l P applications under medium Ca and Mg level were appropriate for celery nutritional requirements.

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Phosphorus toxicity in the Proteaceae: A problem in post-agricultural lands

Cited by 62 publications

References 38 publications

Long-term residual effect of short-term fertilizer application on Ca, N and P concentrations in grasses Nardus stricta L. and Avenella flexuosa L.

Long-term residual effect of short-term fertilizer application on Ca, N and P concentrations in grasses Nardus stricta L. and Avenella flexuosa L.

Effects of pH and Phosphorus Concentrations on the Chlorophyll Responses of Salvia chamelaeagnea (Lamiaceae) Grown in Hydroponics

Effect of phosphorus on celery growth and nutrient uptake under different calcium and magnesium levels in substrate culture

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