Photodynamic therapy for COVID-19

Kipshidze, Nicholas; Yeo, Nicholas Kim‐Wah; Kipshidze, Nodar

doi:10.1038/s41566-020-00703-9

Cited by 58 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A surprised finding from this work is the high potency of ZnPc5K to inactivate virus with an EC 50 of 60.2 nM, much higher than the typical micromolar range potencies for antimicrobial or antitumor applications of photosensitizers[ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. A number of studies found that photosensitizer-like structure with large ring-like organic compound, including methylene blue[ 13 ] and heme[ 14 , 15 ], may have specific binding to SARS-CoV-2 virus[ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photosensitizer requires light illumination to be effective for virus inactivation How to deliver light? There a couple scenarios for the applications of photosensitizers to inactivate virus[ 16 ] , [ 13 , 17 ]: (1) The SARS-CoV-2 virus entry receptors (ACE2 and TMPRSS2) are highly expressed in the nasal epithelium[ 3 ], and the virus was found to propagate in the upper respiratory tract, especially in the nose and oropharynx. The photodynamic treatment can reduce the number of virus present in the upper respiratory tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potent inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 by photosensitizers compounds

Sun

Sui

et al. 2021

Dyes and Pigments

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The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) posed a major challenge to the public health. Currently, no proven antiviral treatment for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is available. Here we report compounds pentalysine β-carbonylphthalocyanine zinc (ZnPc5K) and chlorin e6 (ce6) potently inhibited the viral infection and replication in vitro with EC 50 values at nanomolar level. These compounds were first identified by screening a panel of photosensitizers for photodynamic viral inactivation. Such viral inactivation strategy is implementable, and has unique advantages, including resistance to virus mutations, affordability compared to the monoclonal antibodies, and lack of long-term toxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potent inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 by photosensitizers compounds

Sun

Sui

et al. 2021

Dyes and Pigments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…One technique is the association of PDT with phototherapy agents, which sensitize specific molecules to absorb light better. PDT has been clinically validated in several esophageal pathologies and some lung cancers and can be used to destroy pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses [ 29 , 46 ]. This can also be seen in the association of PDT with Phthalocyanines, a phototherapeutic agent that makes incorporation by target cells easier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation Therapy as a Possible New Approach in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Matos

Buchaim

Pomini

et al. 2021

Life

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COVID-19 is a viral disease characterized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Since then, researchers from all over the world have been looking for ways to fight this disease. Many cases of complications arise from insufficient immune responses due to low immunity, with intense release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can damage the structure of organs such as the lung. Thus, the hypothesis arises that photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with the use of a low-level laser (LLLT) may be an ally approach to patients with COVID-19 since it is effective for increasing immunity, helping tissue repair, and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. This systematic review was performed with the use of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases with the following keywords: “low-level laser therapy OR photobiomodulation therapy AND COVID-19”. The inclusion criteria were complete articles published from January 2020 to January 2021 in English. The exclusion criteria were other languages, editorials, reviews, brief communications, letters to the editor, comments, conference abstracts, and articles that did not provide the full text. The bibliographic search found 18 articles in the Pubmed/MEDLINE database, 118 articles on the Web of Science, 23 articles on Scopus, and 853 articles on Google Scholar. Ten articles were included for qualitative synthesis, of which four commentary articles discussed the pathogenesis and the effect of PBMT in COVID-19. Two in vitro and lab experiments showed the effect of PBMT on prevention of thrombosis and positive results in wound healing during viral infection, using the intravascular irradiation (ILIB) associated with Phthalomethyl D. Two case reports showed PBMT improved the respiratory indexes, radiological findings, and inflammatory markers in severe COVID-19 patients. One case series reported the clinical improvement after PBMT on 14 acute COVID-19 patients, rehabilitation on 24 patients, and as a preventive treatment on 70 people. One clinical trial of 30 patients with severe COVID-19 who require invasive mechanical ventilation, showed PBMT-static magnetic field was not statistically different from placebo for the length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit, but improved diaphragm muscle function and ventilation and decreased the inflammatory markers. This review suggests that PBMT may have a positive role in treatment of COVID-19. Still, the necessity for more clinical trials remains in this field and there is not sufficient research evidence regarding the effects of PBMT and COVID-19 disease, and there is a large gap.

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“…This activated the porphyrin-based photosensitizers in a specific absorption wavelength from 450–800 nm to cause photosensitization to form the ROS. It reduced SARS-CoV-2 loading and destroyed its binding on the protein-membrane from the upper respiratory tract, prevent damage to the lung [ 17 ].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (Apdt) For Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with hypocrellin B against SARS-CoV-2 infection?

Law

Han

et al. 2021

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

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Photodynamic therapy for COVID-19

Cited by 58 publications

References 13 publications

Potent inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 by photosensitizers compounds

Potent inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 by photosensitizers compounds

Photobiomodulation Therapy as a Possible New Approach in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with hypocrellin B against SARS-CoV-2 infection?

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