Phylogenetic and Phylogeographic Analyses of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Among Pig Farms in Vietnam

Huynh, Thi My Le; Nguyen, B. H.; Nguyen, Van Giap; Dang, H. A.; Ngan, Thi; Tran, Thien; Ngo, Minh Ha; Le, Vu Tri; Vu, Thuy Nga; Ta, Timofeeva; Vo, Victoria; Kim, H. K.; Park, Byung-Ki

doi:10.1111/tbed.12066

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The antigenic index is an assessment of antigenic variation in PCV2 strains (Huynh et al., ). To further analyse the influence of mutation at important Cap sites on the antigenic feature among different PCV2 genotypes, the Jameson–Wolf antigenic index was used as a measure of antigenic alterations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and genetic variation analyses of porcine circovirus type 2 isolated from China

Yang

Yin

Shang

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a causative agent of PCV2-associated disease, which is a growing problem in the swine industry worldwide. High nucleotide substitution occurs in the capsid (Cap) gene of PCV2, which allows the continuous evolution and the emergence of novel PCV2 strains. In this study, we sequenced 24 Chinese PCV2 strains collected from healthy and diseased pigs between 2013 and 2015. Analyses of the genome, Cap and phylogeny classified the 24 Chinese PCV2 strains as PCV-2a (four of 24), PCV-2b (five of 24) and PCV-2d (15 of 24). All strains shared 89.5%-100% and 87.2%-100% identities with the nucleotide and amino acid (aa) sequences of Cap, respectively. Selection pressure analysis showed that five sites at the epitope regions in Cap were under positive selection. Further analysis by Jameson-Wolf antigenic index indicated that aa substitutions occurring at the epitope regions contributed to the antigenic alterations of the different PCV2 strains. High genetic variation and genotype shift to PCV2d occurred in recent years, and different genotypes coexisted in Chinese pig herds. The data provide evidence for the increased genetic diversity and insights into the molecular epidemiology of PCV2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and genetic variation analyses of porcine circovirus type 2 isolated from China

Yang

Yin

Shang

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Similarly to Kim et al, we found that coinfection of PCV2 and M. hyo was common. In Vietnam, a study was conducted to evaluate the molecular characterization of PCV2, showing multi circulating clusters of 1A, 1B, 1C and a recombinant cluster [5]. Our study found a high seroprevalence for M. hyo infection and the likelihood that this pathogen is a cause of respiratory disease in pigs in Vietnam, which has been underestimated and for which awareness is likely to be low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…A few epidemiological and serological surveys have been conducted for major production diseases in pigs in Vietnam [2][3][4][5]. Recently, using national animal health data, the first national PRRS study was conducted to identify seasonal patterns and clusters [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalences of multi-pathogen and description of farm movement in pigs in two provinces in Vietnam

et al. 2020

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Background: In Vietnam, lack of animal health information is considered a major challenge for pig production. The main objective of this study was to assess the seroprevalences of five pathogens [porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyo), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and leptospirosis] and to better characterize the farm movements through a survey. Results: A total of 600 samples were collected from 120 farms from Bac Giang and Nghe An. Among unvaccinated herds, the highest seroprevalence was found for JE with 73.81% (95% CI: 68.39-78.74) in Bac Giang and 53.51% (95% CI 47.68-59.27) in Nghe An. Seroprevalences for PCV2 and M.hyo were 49.43% (95% CI: 45.06-53.80) and 46.06% (95% CI: 41.48-50.69) among unvaccinated animals. Accumulative co-infections for JE (86.25%) showed the highest level followed by M. hyo (66.25%) and PCV2 (62.50%). Three co-infections with JE had the highest positive rate (28.75%) followed by four co-infections (25.0%). Medium farms had relatively higher herd prevalences for all pathogens, except from leptospirosis. Overall, farmers exported/imported their pigs at the most 1-2 times every 6 months. Some respondents (5% for exportation and 20% for importation) had moved pigs more than 6 times over the last 6 months. Conclusions: Our study provided another pool of evidence that showed that PCV2, PRRS and H. hyo are endemic in pigs in Vietnam. Given the economic impacts of these pathogens elsewhere, the findings confirm the need for studies to evaluate the association between antibody response and clinical relevance as well as to assess the economic impact of co-infections at farm level. We also found that high seroprevalences of JE and leptospirosis were detected in pigs. From a pubic health point of view, it is crucial to raise public awareness especially for high risk occupations (mainly pig farm workers).

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“…In pigs, it is acknowledged that Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is non-pathogenic while Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the etiology of a devastating disease of swine, the porcine circoviral disease (PCVD) [2]. To date, PCVD is emerged in almost all swine producing countries [3], including Vietnam [4]. In 2015, in North Carolina (USA), a novel species of the genus circovirus which named Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) was detected for the first time from pigs suffered from porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome and reproductive failure [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Novel Porcine Circovirus 3 (PCV3) in Pig Populations in the North of Vietnam

Giap¹,

Chun²,

Le³

et al. 2018

Arch Gene Genome Res

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In 2015, a novel circovirus (Porcine circovirus 3, PCV3) was detected for the first time from pigs suffered from porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome and reproductive failure. Since then, PCV3 has been reported in several pig producing countries. This study was carried out in order to investigate the presence and further genetic characterization of PCV3 in the pig populations in northern Vietnam. The screening PCR detected the presence of PCV3 in 6 out of 135 samples (4.44%) which were collected from seven northern provinces in 2011 and 2016-2017. The capsid-coding gene (ORF2, 645 nucleotides in length) was successfully sequenced from 5 out of 6 field strains. Compared to a highly diverse PCV3 strain (GD2016-1, KY421347) 5 Vietnamese PCV3 strains contained 39 point nucleotide mutations and 9 of those were non-synonymous. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis on the basic of ORF2 revealed that PCV3 evolved at a comparable evolutionary rate of the pathogenic PCV2 (2.284 × 10 -3 and 1.440 × 10 -3 , respectively). Besides, this analysis suggested PCV3 could be separated into PCV3a and PCV3b groups, of which the majority of Vietnamese PCV3 strains belong to PCV3a (sub-cluster a1).

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Phylogenetic and Phylogeographic Analyses of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Among Pig Farms in Vietnam

Cited by 24 publications

References 48 publications

Phylogenetic and genetic variation analyses of porcine circovirus type 2 isolated from China

Phylogenetic and genetic variation analyses of porcine circovirus type 2 isolated from China

Seroprevalences of multi-pathogen and description of farm movement in pigs in two provinces in Vietnam

Molecular Characterization of Novel Porcine Circovirus 3 (PCV3) in Pig Populations in the North of Vietnam

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