Two porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) strains, named DH1/2016 and DH2/2016, were isolated from feces of piglets which had severe watery diarrhea symptoms. A comparison of the complete genome sequences suggested that the DH1/2016 and DH2/2016 strains are highly homologous to each other and to PDCoVs isolated in early 2014 from the United States.

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Background: While early detection and early containment are key to controlling the African swine fever (ASF) pandemic, the lack of practical testing methods for use in the field are a major barrier to achieving this feat.Objectives: To describe the development of a rapid and sensitive point-of-care test (POCT) for ASF, and its evaluation using swine whole blood samples for field settings. Methods:In total, 89 swine whole blood samples were collected from Vietnamese swine farms and were performed the POCT using a combination of crude DNA extraction and LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) amplification. Results:The POCT enabled crude DNA to be extracted from swine whole blood samples within 10 min at extremely low cost and with relative ease. The entire POCT required a maximum of 50 min from the beginning of DNA extraction to final judgment.Compared to a conventional real-time PCR detection, the POCT showed a 1 log reduction in detection sensitivity, but comparable diagnostic sensitivity of 100% (56/56) and diagnostic specificity of 100% (33/33). The POCT was quicker and easier to perform and did not require special equipment. Conclusions:This POCT is expected to facilitate early diagnosis and containment of ASF invasion into both regions in which it is endemic and eradicated.

In 2015, a novel circovirus (Porcine circovirus 3, PCV3) was detected for the first time from pigs suffered from porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome and reproductive failure. Since then, PCV3 has been reported in several pig producing countries. This study was carried out in order to investigate the presence and further genetic characterization of PCV3 in the pig populations in northern Vietnam. The screening PCR detected the presence of PCV3 in 6 out of 135 samples (4.44%) which were collected from seven northern provinces in 2011 and 2016-2017. The capsid-coding gene (ORF2, 645 nucleotides in length) was successfully sequenced from 5 out of 6 field strains. Compared to a highly diverse PCV3 strain (GD2016-1, KY421347) 5 Vietnamese PCV3 strains contained 39 point nucleotide mutations and 9 of those were non-synonymous. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis on the basic of ORF2 revealed that PCV3 evolved at a comparable evolutionary rate of the pathogenic PCV2 (2.284 × 10 -3 and 1.440 × 10 -3 , respectively). Besides, this analysis suggested PCV3 could be separated into PCV3a and PCV3b groups, of which the majority of Vietnamese PCV3 strains belong to PCV3a (sub-cluster a1).