Phylogenetic relationships at the base of Ericaceae: Implications for vegetative and mycorrhizal evolution

Freudenstein, John V.; Broe, Michael; Feldenkris, Emily R.

doi:10.12705/654.7

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 84 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another gene commonly found in the plastomes of heterotrophs is clpP , which encodes a protease subunit involved in ATP‐dependent degradation of photosynthetic complexes (Peltier et al ., ; Lam et al ., ). clpP is found as a pseudogene in Arbutus unedo , the closest autotrophic relative to MH Ericaceae (Martinez‐Alberola et al ., ; Freudenstein et al ., ; Lallemand et al ., ), which suggests that a clpP pseudogene is a pleisomorphic state. However, clpP exists as a highly divergent ORF in most MH Ericaceae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the brink: the highly reduced plastomes of nonphotosynthetic Ericaceae

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ericaceae (the heather family) is a large and diverse group of plants that forms elaborate symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi, and includes several nonphotosynthetic lineages. Using an extensive sample of fully mycoheterotrophic (MH) species, we explored inter- and intraspecific variation as well as selective constraints acting on the plastomes of these unusual plants. The plastomes of seven MH genera were analysed in a phylogenetic context with two geographically disparate individuals sequenced for Allotropa, Monotropa, and Pityopus. The plastomes of nonphotosynthetic Ericaceae are highly reduced in size (c. 33-41 kbp) and content, having lost all photosynthesis-related genes, and are reduced to encoding housekeeping genes as well as a protease subunit (clpP)-like and acetyl-CoA carboxylase subunit D (accD)-like open reading frames. Despite an increase in the rate of their nucleotide substitutions, the remaining protein-coding genes are typically under purifying selection in full MHs. We also identified ribosomal proteins under relaxed or neutral selection. These plastomes also exhibit striking structural rearrangements. Intraspecific variation within MH Ericaceae ranges from a few differences (Allotropa) to extensive population divergences (Monotropa, Hypopitys), which indicates that cryptic speciation may be occurring in several lineages. The pattern of gene loss within fully MH Ericaceae plastomes suggests an advanced state of degradation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the brink: the highly reduced plastomes of nonphotosynthetic Ericaceae

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(Brundrett, ; Tedersoo & Brundrett, ). Other less common trends found in one or more plant lineages include switching from NM to EcM (Freudenstein et al ., ), Ericoid to EcM, and from balanced to myco‐heterotrophic associations in plants (Box 1; Brundrett, ). Because the third wave of mycorrhizal evolution is linked to climate and soil conditions, it may be being accelerated by the Anthropocene epoch, with the increasing importance of disturbed habitats, as well as aridification and warming of most global ecosystems that can cause shifts in dominant mycorrhizal types in vegetation (Swaty et al ., ; Tedersoo, ).…”

Section: Mycorrhizal Evolution In Plants: a Brief Updatementioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary history of mycorrhizal symbioses and global host plant diversity

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contents Summary1108I.Introduction1108II.Mycorrhizal plant diversity at global and local scales1108III.Mycorrhizal evolution in plants: a brief update1111IV.Conclusions and perspectives1114References1114 Summary The majority of vascular plants are mycorrhizal: 72% are arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), 2.0% are ectomycorrhizal (EcM), 1.5% are ericoid mycorrhizal and 10% are orchid mycorrhizal. Just 8% are completely nonmycorrhizal (NM), whereas 7% have inconsistent NM–AM associations. Most NM and NM–AM plants are nutritional specialists (e.g. carnivores and parasites) or habitat specialists (e.g. hydrophytes and epiphytes). Mycorrhizal associations are consistent in most families, but there are exceptions with complex roots (e.g. both EcM and AM). We recognize three waves of mycorrhizal evolution, starting with AM in early land plants, continuing in the Cretaceous with multiple new NM or EcM linages, ericoid and orchid mycorrhizas. The third wave, which is recent and ongoing, has resulted in root complexity linked to rapid plant diversification in biodiversity hotspots.

show abstract

“…In Ericaceae, two independent evolutionary origins of mycoheterotrophy were preceded by a single shift from arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions to an interaction with ectomycorrhizal fungi, in the common ancestor of the clade formed by Pyroleae, Arbutoideae, Monotropeae and Pterosporeae (Lallemand et al, ; Freudenstein, Broe, & Feldenkris, ; Figure d). In Pyroleae, initially, partially and fully mycoheterotrophic species all associate with a wide range of endophytes and ectomycorrhizal fungi of which Tomentella , Sebacina , Wilcoxina and Inocybe appear to be common (Hynson & Bruns, ).…”

Section: Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated With Shifts In Trophic Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal symbioses and the evolution of trophic modes in plants

Jacquemyn

Merckx

2019

Journal of Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the early colonization of land, plants depend, to various extents, on mycorrhizal fungi to meet their nutrient demands. In most mycorrhizal symbioses, plants provide sugars derived from photosynthesis to the fungi, whereas the fungi provide essential minerals to the plant. However, in some plants, the flow of carbon has reversed and the fungi provide carbon to the plants. These plants are called mycoheterotrophs. However, it remains unclear how and under which circumstances trophic modes change and whether transitions in trophic modes are associated with changes in mycorrhizal communities. Here, we review the available literature on mycorrhizal associations and trophic modes in plants. We first outline how trophic modes can be determined and how they differ across plants. We then investigate the evolutionary context under which mycoheterotrophy originated. We also examine the mycorrhizal communities associating with autotrophic, partially mycoheterotrophic and fully mycoheterotrophic plants within different plant families and investigate whether commonalities can be observed. Our overview shows that mycoheterotrophy has originated more than 40 times through evolutionary time and can be found in a wide range of plant groups, including liverworts, lycophytes, ferns, monocots and dicots. Partial mycoheterotrophy appears to be much more common than previously anticipated and represents an almost continuous gradient between autotrophy and full mycoheterotrophy. Comparison of the mycorrhizal communities associating with autotrophic, partial and full mycoheterotrophic plants indicates that, although they share some commonalities, shifts from autotrophy to full mycoheterotrophy are accompanied by either losses or shifts in mycorrhizal partners, suggesting that full or partial loss of photosynthesis selects for different mycorrhizal communities. Synthesis. Partial mycoheterotrophy appears to be much more common than previously thought and represents an almost continuous gradient from autotrophy to full mycoheterotrophy. Evolution to full mycoheterotrophy is challenging as it requires specific adaptations and often a switch to other mycorrhizal partners. More detailed analyses of the functionality of different mycorrhizal systems co‐occurring in the roots of a single plant and the costs of mycorrhizal switching are needed to understand the precise mechanisms leading to full mycoheterotrophy.

show abstract

Phylogenetic relationships at the base of Ericaceae: Implications for vegetative and mycorrhizal evolution

Cited by 27 publications

References 84 publications

On the brink: the highly reduced plastomes of nonphotosynthetic Ericaceae

On the brink: the highly reduced plastomes of nonphotosynthetic Ericaceae

Evolutionary history of mycorrhizal symbioses and global host plant diversity

Mycorrhizal symbioses and the evolution of trophic modes in plants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About