Physical activity level in students regarding age, gender, sport and motivational climate | Nivel de actividad física en estudiantes en función de la edad, el género, tipo de deporte practicado y su orientación motivacional

Abstract

ResumenEl objetivo del trabajo es conocer el nivel de actividad física y la orientación motivacional en función del género, la edad y el tipo de deporte practicado en estudiantes. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 285 estudiantes (150 chicos y 135 chicas), con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y 18 años (edad media = 14.85 ± 3.42), a los que se les administraron los cuestionarios Physician-based Assessment and Counseling for Exercise y Goal Orientation in Exercise Scale. Los resultados mostraron que, el nivel de práctica de actividad física en los estudiantes es medio-bajo, siendo significativamente superior en los chicos que las chicas y disminuyendo con el aumento de la edad. Además, los practicantes de deportes colectivos mostraron niveles de actividad física más elevados que los practicantes de deportes individuales. Respecto a la orientación motivacional, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en función de la edad, el género y del deporte. Sin embargo, los chicos mostraron valores significativamente superiores de orientación al ego. Además, se encontró una asociación positiva y significativa entre la orientación hacia la tarea y el nivel de actividad física. Este trabajo supone una información útil para que el profesorado de Educación Física promueva estrategias motivacionales para incrementar los niveles de actividad física en los estudiantes.AbstractThe aim of this study is to know the level of physical activity and motivational orientation based on gender, age and the type of sport practiced in students. Sample was made up of a total of 285 students (150 boys and 135 girls), ages between 11 and 18 years (mean age = 14.85 ± 3.42 years), who were administered the questionnaires Physician-based Assessment and Counseling for Exercise y Goal Orientation in Exercise Scale. The results showed that the level of practice of physical activity in students is medium-low, which is significantly higher in boys than in girls, and decreases significantly with increasing the age. In addition, collective sports practitioners have higher levels of physical activity than individual sports practitioners. Regarding motivational orientation, no significant differences were found based on gender, age and type of sport. However, boys showed higher values of ego orientation than girls. Furthermore, a positive and significant association is found between task orientation and physical activity level. This work is very useful information for the Physical Education teachers to promote motivational strategies to increase the levels of physical activity in the students.

Motivational Climate Effect on the Development of Anxiety and Body Image in Education Students: A Structural Equation Model

“…On the other hand, higher values were observed in the variables that make up the ego climate for males, coinciding with another research already carried out [31]. Tese diferences according to gender have been explained by diferent authors, who consider social factors that infuence the forms of sports socialisation [32]. Likewise, females tend to conceive sport as an activity of a cooperative nature, oriented towards leisure and enjoyment, while for males, the competitive factor of sport predominates [33].…”

Promoting active lifestyles in schools. Effect of school day on daily physical activity levels

“…10(1), 2022 www.physactiv.eu _____________________________________________________________________________________ 136 60 minutes of daily PA at 1300-15000 steps for school-age boys and 11000-12000 steps for their girl peers, is taken as a reference for discussing the results. In Spain, Parra and his colleagues [22] suggest a generic threshold of 10000 steps for adolescents (11000 for boys and 10500 for girls), although it should be taken into account the significant drop in PA levels in the transition between Primary and Secondary Education [27,28]. In any case, the average of 9000 of the studied group has been the minimum recommended daily PA for these ages, confirming the first of the proposed hypothesis.…”

Goal Orientations of Secondary School Students and Their Intention to Practise Physical Activity in Their Leisure Time: Mediation of Physical Education Importance and Satisfaction

“…Focusing on the mediating role of satisfaction with PE, several studies have found that when a student has fun and feels satisfied with PE classes, their intention to be active in their leisure time will increase [10,20,28], with task orientation being a strong predictor of satisfaction with PE [12]. This relationship could be due to the fact that when adolescents are task-oriented, they tend to make an effort in their personal development, focusing their satisfaction on self-improvement [47,50,51], thus increasing their satisfaction with PE [12,48]. Various authors have highlighted the importance of strengthening student satisfaction and motivation in order to continue physical activity outside the school classroom [3,32,[52][53][54].…”