Physical and Chemical Impact of Sulphuric Acid on Cylinder Lubrication for Large 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engines

Sautermeister, Falko A.; Priest, Martin

doi:10.1007/s11249-012-9979-7

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…An expression for the reaction rate was derived following Laidler, 44 assuming that the H 2 SO 4 droplets are immobile compared to the much smaller CaCO 3 reverse micelles. This assumption is justified since the radius of the 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 H 2 SO 4 droplets is in the µm-range, 45,47,48 whereas the radius of the CaCO 3 reverse micelles is in the nmrange. 12,20,21,[49][50][51][52] The diffusion-controlled reaction rate constant, , is given as: 44 = 4 (3)…”

Section: Diffusion-controlled Reaction Rate Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dependence of temperature follows the viscosity temperaturedependency, which is typically a strong function of temperature. 47 The micelle-diffusion controlled reaction rate is first order with respect to each reactant (H 2 SO 4 droplet and CaCO 3 micelle, respectively), and is given by [39][40][41] :…”

Section: Diffusion-controlled Reaction Rate Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,39 The condensation of H 2 SO 4 occurs in the gas phase just before reaching the lube oil film, where the temperature is lower than in the bulk gas phase. 6,47,48,56 Since no mixing is occurring, transport of CaCO 3 micelles to the H 2 SO 4 happens by diffusion. However, when the piston moves towards TDC (compression stroke, Figure 9(c)), the piston rings act to spread and remove excess lube oil from the cylinder liner.…”

Section: Application Of the Mfr Model To Conditions In A Large Two-stmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mixed Flow Reactor Experiments and Modeling of Sulfuric Acid Neutralization in Lube Oil for Large Two-Stroke Diesel Engines

Lejre

Glarborg

Mayer³

et al. 2018

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Lubrication oil for marine diesel engines contains additives in the form of CaCO 3 -based reverse micelles, which can neutralize condensing H 2 SO 4 , and thereby limit uncontrolled corrosive wear of the piston rings and cylinder liner. In the present work, the neutralization mechanism was studied experimentally and through modeling.Using a mixed flow reactor (MFR), the rate of the acid-base reaction was measured as a function of relevant process parameters. In addition, the competition between CaCO 3 reverse micelles and NaOH droplets for a reaction with H 2 SO 4 droplets in a lube oil emulsion was explored in a batch reactor. For the residence times investigated, the results show that CaCO 3 conversion is significantly reduced when reaching a critically low Ca/S ratio. Furthermore, a mathematical model for the neutralization of H 2 SO 4 droplets by CaCO 3 reverse micelles in lube oil under well-mixed conditions was developed. Both the experimental data and simulations support previous results suggesting that the limiting step in the neutralization mechanism is adsorption of reverse micelles onto the much larger H 2 SO 4 droplets. Using the video-microscopy experiments of Fu et al.1 ), 221-225], it was possible to estimate kinetic parameters for the adsorption-controlled reaction. The model was used to predict conversion of H 2 SO 4 in a lube oil film at the cylinder liner surface for conditions relevant for a full-scale application. Calculations indicated that H 2 SO 4 may reach the liner surface regardless of how well-wetted the surface is.

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Section: Diffusion-controlled Reaction Rate Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diffusion-controlled Reaction Rate Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of the Mfr Model To Conditions In A Large Two-stmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mixed Flow Reactor Experiments and Modeling of Sulfuric Acid Neutralization in Lube Oil for Large Two-Stroke Diesel Engines

Lejre

Glarborg

Mayer³

et al. 2018

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] In cases where an existing experimental data set was repeated (or it appeared that the same point was not re-measured) in subsequent articles, only the original data set was included in the regression data set: 64 , where there was a very limited data set available for the development of a reference model, the abundance of experimental data for squalane made it unnecessary to include molecular simulations in this work. 37,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73] Two points from Whitmore et al (1966) 8 were not included due to the inability of converting kinematic viscosities of sub-cooled squalane (219 and 233) K.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Experimental Data and Reference Models for the Viscosity and Density of Squalane

et al. 2014

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Empirical models for the density and the viscosity of squalane (C30H62; 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane) have been developed based on an exhaustive review of the data available in the literature and new experimental density and viscosity measurements carried out as a part of this work. The literature review showed there was a substantial lack of density and viscosity data at high temperature (373 to 473) K and high pressure conditions (pressures up to 200 MPa). These gaps were addressed with new experimental measurements carried out at temperatures of (338 to 473) K and at pressures of (1 to 202.1) MPa. The new data were utilized in the model development to improve the density and viscosity calculation of squalane at all conditions including high temperatures and high pressures.The model presented in this work reproduces the best squalane density and viscosity data available based on a new combined outlier and regression algorithm. The combination of the empirical models and the regression approach resulted in models which could reproduce the experimental density data with average absolute percent deviation of 0.04%, bias of 0.000%, standard deviation of 0.05%, and maximum absolute percent deviation of 0.14% and reproduce the experimental viscosity data with average absolute percent deviation of 1.4%, bias of 0.02%, standard deviation of 1.8% and maximum absolute percent deviation of 4.9% over a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Based on the data set used in the model regression (without outliers), the density model is limited to the pressure and temperature ranges of (0.1 to 202.1) MPa and (273 to 525) K, while the viscosity model is limited to the pressure and temperature ranges of (0.1 to 467.0) MPa and (273 to 473) K. These models can be used to calibrate laboratory densitometers and viscometers at relevant hightemperature, high-pressure conditions.

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“…12 A 300 μm diameter tungsten wire was employed and the absolute uncertainty was calculated to be 1%. Table 2 summarizes, to the best of our knowledge, the present measurements and the previous experimental measurements 11,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] of the viscosity of squalane as a function of temperature at 0.1 MPa. We included 22 sets in the table.…”

Section: Measurements At Authmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference Correlation of the Viscosity of Squalane from 273 to 373 K at 0.1 MPa

Comuñas

Paredes

Gaciño

et al. 2013

Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data

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International audienceThe paper presents a new reference correlation for the viscosity of squalane at 0.1 MPa. The correlation should be valuable as it is the first to cover a moderately high viscosity range, from 3 to 118 mPa s. It is based on new viscosity measurements carried out for this work, as well as other critically evaluated experimental viscosity data from the literature. The correlation is valid from 273 to 373 K at 0.1 MPa. The average absolute percentage deviation of the fit is 0.67, and the expanded uncertainty, with a coverage factor k = 2, is 1.5%

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Physical and Chemical Impact of Sulphuric Acid on Cylinder Lubrication for Large 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engines

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Mixed Flow Reactor Experiments and Modeling of Sulfuric Acid Neutralization in Lube Oil for Large Two-Stroke Diesel Engines

Mixed Flow Reactor Experiments and Modeling of Sulfuric Acid Neutralization in Lube Oil for Large Two-Stroke Diesel Engines

New Experimental Data and Reference Models for the Viscosity and Density of Squalane

Reference Correlation of the Viscosity of Squalane from 273 to 373 K at 0.1 MPa

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